China Biodiversity Conservation and Green Development Foundation, Beijing, China.
Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China.
Cell Death Dis. 2020 Sep 24;11(9):799. doi: 10.1038/s41419-020-02995-9.
A severe upper respiratory tract syndrome caused by the new coronavirus has now spread to the entire world as a highly contagious pandemic. The large scale explosion of the disease is conventionally traced back to January of this year in the Chinese province of Hubei, the wet markets of the principal city of Wuhan being assumed to have been the specific causative locus of the sudden explosion of the infection. A number of findings that are now coming to light show that this interpretation of the origin and history of the pandemic is overly simplified. A number of variants of the coronavirus would in principle have had the ability to initiate the pandemic well before January of this year. However, even if the COVID-19 had become, so to say, ready, conditions in the local environment would have had to prevail to induce the loss of the biodiversity's "dilution effect" that kept the virus under control, favoring its spillover from its bat reservoir to the human target. In the absence of these appropriate conditions only abortive attempts to initiate the pandemic could possibly occur: a number of them did indeed occur in China, and probably elsewhere as well. These conditions were unfortunately present at the wet marked in Wuhan at the end of last year.
一种由新型冠状病毒引起的严重上呼吸道综合征现已在全球范围内蔓延,成为一种高度传染性的大流行疾病。该疾病的大规模爆发通常可追溯到今年 1 月中国湖北省,武汉市的主要农贸市场被认为是感染突然爆发的特定病因。现在有一些发现表明,这种对大流行起源和历史的解释过于简单化。原则上,冠状病毒的许多变体在今年 1 月之前就有能力引发大流行。然而,即使 COVID-19 已经“准备好”,当地环境的条件也必须占主导地位,以促使失去生物多样性的“稀释效应”,从而控制病毒,有利于其从蝙蝠宿主溢出到人类目标。在没有这些适当条件的情况下,大流行的启动可能只会出现一些不成熟的尝试:中国确实发生了一些这样的尝试,可能在其他地方也发生了一些。不幸的是,去年年底武汉的湿市场就存在这些条件。