Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.
Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Chittagong, Bangladesh.
Sci Rep. 2020 Sep 24;10(1):15621. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-72156-7.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa developed its biocontrol agent property through the production of antifungal derivatives, with the phenazine among them. In this study, the applications of crude phenazine synthesized by Pseudomonas aeruginosa UPMP3 and hexaconazole were comparatively evaluated for their effectiveness to suppress basal stem rot infection in artificially G. boninense-challenged oil palm seedlings. A glasshouse experiment under the randomized completely block design was set with the following treatments: non-inoculated seedlings, G. boninense inoculated seedlings, G. boninense inoculated seedlings with 1 mg/ml phenazine application, G. boninense inoculated seedlings with 2 mg/ml phenazine application and G. boninense inoculated seedlings with 0.048 mg/ml hexaconazole application. Seedlings were screened for disease parameters and plant vigour traits (plant height, plant fresh weight, root fresh, and dry weight, stem diameter, and total chlorophyll) at 1-to-4 month post-inoculation (mpi). The application of 2 mg/ml phenazine significantly reduced disease severity (DS) at 44% in comparison to fungicide application (DS = 67%). Plant vigour improved from 1 to 4 mpi and the rate of disease reduction in seedlings with phenazine application (2 mg/ml) was twofold greater than hexaconazole. At 4, 6 and 8 wpi, an up-regulation of chitinase and β-1,3 glucanase genes in seedlings treated with phenazine suggests the involvement of induced resistance in G. boninense-oil palm pathosystem.
铜绿假单胞菌通过产生抗真菌衍生物（其中包括吩嗪）来发展其生物防治剂特性。在这项研究中，比较了由铜绿假单胞菌 UPMP3 合成的粗吩嗪和己唑醇的应用，以评估它们抑制人工接种油棕幼苗根腐病的效果。采用随机完全区组设计的温室试验，处理如下：未接种的幼苗、感染胶孢炭疽菌的幼苗、用 1mg/ml 吩嗪处理的感染胶孢炭疽菌的幼苗、用 2mg/ml 吩嗪处理的感染胶孢炭疽菌的幼苗和用 0.048mg/ml 己唑醇处理的感染胶孢炭疽菌的幼苗。在接种后 1 至 4 个月（mpi），对幼苗进行疾病参数和植物活力性状（株高、植株鲜重、根鲜重和干重、茎直径和总叶绿素）的筛选。与杀菌剂处理相比，2mg/ml 吩嗪的应用可使病情严重度（DS）降低 44%，达到 67%。从 1 到 4 mpi，植物活力得到改善，而使用吩嗪（2mg/ml）处理的幼苗的病害减少率是己唑醇的两倍。在 4、6 和 8 wpi，用吩嗪处理的幼苗中几丁质酶和β-1,3 葡聚糖酶基因的上调表明，在胶孢炭疽菌-油棕病理系统中存在诱导抗性。
