Daisley Brendan A, Pitek Andrew P, Chmiel John A, Gibbons Shaeley, Chernyshova Anna M, Al Kait F, Faragalla Kyrillos M, Burton Jeremy P, Thompson Graham J, Reid Gregor
Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
Commun Biol. 2020 Sep 25;3(1):534. doi: 10.1038/s42003-020-01259-8.
Widespread antibiotic usage in apiculture contributes substantially to the global dissemination of antimicrobial resistance and has the potential to negatively influence bacterial symbionts of honey bees (Apis mellifera). Here, we show that routine antibiotic administration with oxytetracycline selectively increased tetB (efflux pump resistance gene) abundance in the gut microbiota of adult workers while concurrently depleting several key symbionts known to regulate immune function and nutrient metabolism such as Frischella perrera and Lactobacillus Firm-5 strains. These microbial changes were functionally characterized by decreased capped brood counts (marker of hive nutritional status and productivity) and reduced antimicrobial capacity of adult hemolymph (indicator of immune competence). Importantly, combination therapy with three immunostimulatory Lactobacillus strains could mitigate antibiotic-associated microbiota dysbiosis and immune deficits in adult workers, as well as maximize the intended benefit of oxytetracycline by suppressing larval pathogen loads to near-undetectable levels. We conclude that microbial-based therapeutics may offer a simple but effective solution to reduce honey bee disease burden, environmental xenobiotic exposure, and spread of antimicrobial resistance.
养蜂业中广泛使用抗生素极大地促进了抗菌药物耐药性在全球的传播，并有可能对蜜蜂（西方蜜蜂）的细菌共生体产生负面影响。在此，我们表明，用土霉素进行常规抗生素给药会选择性地增加成年工蜂肠道微生物群中tetB（外排泵抗性基因）的丰度，同时消耗几种已知可调节免疫功能和营养代谢的关键共生体，如佩氏弗里斯菌和Firm-5乳酸杆菌菌株。这些微生物变化的功能特征是封盖子脾数量减少（蜂群营养状况和生产力的指标）以及成年蜜蜂血淋巴的抗菌能力降低（免疫能力的指标）。重要的是，用三种免疫刺激乳酸杆菌菌株进行联合治疗可以减轻成年工蜂中与抗生素相关的微生物群失调和免疫缺陷，并且通过将幼虫病原体负荷抑制到几乎检测不到的水平，最大化土霉素的预期益处。我们得出结论，基于微生物的疗法可能提供一种简单而有效的解决方案，以减轻蜜蜂疾病负担、环境外源性物质暴露和抗菌药物耐药性的传播。
