National Research Council of Italy-Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Turin, Italy.
Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Via San Protaso 302, 29017, Fiorenzuola d'Arda, PC, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2020 Sep 25;10(1):15782. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-72799-6.
Northwestern Italy is a wine region of the world with the highest of reputations, where top quality wines of remarkable economic value are produced from traditional, long-cultivated varieties. Kinship analyses were performed using 32 microsatellite loci and more than 10 K single-nucleotide polymorphism markers on 227 traditional grapes mostly from Northwestern Italy-including those that have been neglected or are threatened. This was done to better understand the genetic grapevine origins and history of this reputable wine producing area, thus enhancing its cultural value and the marketing appeal of its wines. The work revealed a complex network of genetic relationships among varieties, with little contribution of genotypes from other areas. It revealed the major role played by a few ancient grape varieties as parents of numerous offspring, including some that are endangered today. The ancestry of many cultivars is proposed. Among these are Dolcetto, Barbera and Riesling italico. Through the inference of parent-offspring and sibling relations, marker profiles of ungenotyped putative parents were reconstructed, suggesting kinship relations and a possible parentage for Nebbiolo, one of the most ancient wine grapes worldwide. Historic and geographic implications from the resulting kinships are discussed.
意大利西北部是世界上享有盛誉的葡萄酒产区之一，这里采用传统的、长期培育的品种生产出具有卓越经济价值的顶级优质葡萄酒。利用 32 个微卫星标记和 10 多个 K 单核苷酸多态性标记，对 227 种主要来自意大利西北部的传统葡萄品种进行了亲缘关系分析，包括那些被忽视或受到威胁的品种。这是为了更好地了解这个享有盛誉的葡萄酒产区的葡萄遗传起源和历史，从而提高其文化价值和葡萄酒的市场吸引力。这项工作揭示了品种之间复杂的遗传关系网络，其他地区的基因型贡献很小。它揭示了少数几个古老品种作为许多后代的亲本所起的主要作用，其中包括一些今天濒临灭绝的品种。提出了许多品种的祖先。其中包括多赛托、巴贝拉和意大利雷司令。通过推断亲子和兄弟姐妹关系，重建了未基因型亲本的标记图谱，暗示了亲缘关系和内比奥罗的可能亲缘关系，内比奥罗是世界上最古老的葡萄酒之一。从由此产生的亲缘关系中讨论了历史和地理意义。
