Malenica Nenad, Simon Silvio, Besendorfer Višnja, Maletić Edi, Kontić Jasminka Karoglan, Pejić Ivan
Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, Zagreb, Croatia.
Naturwissenschaften. 2011 Sep;98(9):763-72. doi: 10.1007/s00114-011-0826-8. Epub 2011 Jul 22.
Reconstruction of the grapevine cultivation history has advanced tremendously during the last decade. Identification of grapevine cultivars by using microsatellite DNA markers has mostly become a routine. The parentage of several renowned grapevine cultivars, like Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay, has been elucidated. However, the assembly of a complete grapevine genealogy is not yet possible because missing links might no longer be in cultivation or are even extinct. This problem could be overcome by analyzing ancient DNA from grapevine herbarium specimens and other historical remnants of once cultivated varieties. Here, we present the first successful genotyping of a grapevine herbarium specimen and the identification of the corresponding grapevine cultivar. Using a set of nine grapevine microsatellite markers, in combination with a whole genome amplification procedure, we found the 90-year-old Tribidrag herbarium specimen to display the same microsatellite profile as the popular American cultivar Zinfandel. This work, together with information from several historical documents, provides a new clue of Zinfandel cultivation in Croatia as early as the beginning of fifteenth century, under the native name Tribidrag. Moreover, it emphasizes substantial information potential of existing grapevine and other herbarium collections worldwide.
在过去十年中，葡萄栽培历史的重建取得了巨大进展。利用微卫星DNA标记鉴定葡萄品种大多已成为常规操作。赤霞珠和霞多丽等几个著名葡萄品种的亲本关系已被阐明。然而，由于缺失的环节可能不再种植甚至已经灭绝，因此构建完整的葡萄谱系仍然不可能。通过分析葡萄标本馆标本和曾经种植品种的其他历史遗迹中的古代DNA，可以克服这个问题。在这里，我们展示了首次成功对葡萄标本馆标本进行基因分型并鉴定出相应的葡萄品种。使用一组九个葡萄微卫星标记，并结合全基因组扩增程序，我们发现这个有90年历史的特里比德拉格标本馆标本显示出与流行的美国品种仙粉黛相同的微卫星图谱。这项工作以及几份历史文献中的信息提供了一个新线索，表明早在15世纪初，仙粉黛就在克罗地亚以当地名称特里比德拉格种植。此外，它强调了全球现有葡萄和其他标本馆收藏的巨大信息潜力。
