Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Plant Mol Biol. 2021 Jan;105(1-2):11-41. doi: 10.1007/s11103-020-01077-w. Epub 2020 Sep 29.
Plant bioregulators play an important role in managing oxidative stress tolerance in plants. Utilizing their ability in stress sensitive crops through genetic engineering will be a meaningful approach to manage food production under the threat of climate change. Exploitation of the plant defense system against oxidative stress to engineer tolerant plants in the climate change scenario is a sustainable and meaningful strategy. Plant bioregulators (PBRs), which are important biotic factors, are known to play a vital role not only in the development of plants, but also in inducing tolerance in plants against various environmental extremes. These bioregulators include auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, polyamines, strigolactones, and ascorbic acid and provide protection against the oxidative stress-associated reactive oxygen species through modulation or activation of a plant's antioxidant system. Therefore, exploitation of their functioning and accumulation is of considerable significance for the development of plants more tolerant of harsh environmental conditions in order to tackle the issue of food security under the threat of climate change. Therefore, this review summarizes a new line of evidence that how PBRs act as inducers of oxidative stress resistance in plants and how they could be modulated in transgenic crops via introgression of genes. Reactive oxygen species production during oxidative stress events and their neutralization through an efficient antioxidants system is comprehensively detailed. Further, the use of exogenously applied PBRs in the induction of oxidative stress resistance is discussed. Recent advances in engineering transgenic plants with modified PBR gene expression to exploit the plant defense system against oxidative stress are discussed from an agricultural perspective.
植物生物调节剂在管理植物的氧化应激耐受中起着重要作用。通过遗传工程利用它们在胁迫敏感作物中的能力，将是应对气候变化威胁下粮食生产的一种有意义的方法。利用植物防御系统来抵御氧化应激，在气候变化背景下培育耐受植物是一种可持续且有意义的策略。植物生物调节剂（PBRs）是重要的生物因素，它们不仅在植物发育中起着至关重要的作用，而且在诱导植物对各种环境极端条件的耐受性方面也起着重要作用。这些生物调节剂包括生长素、赤霉素、细胞分裂素、脱落酸、油菜素内酯、多胺、独脚金内酯和抗坏血酸，通过调节或激活植物的抗氧化系统，为植物提供对与氧化应激相关的活性氧的保护。因此，开发它们的功能和积累对于开发更能耐受恶劣环境条件的植物具有重要意义，以应对气候变化威胁下的粮食安全问题。因此，本综述总结了新的证据，即 PBRs 如何作为植物氧化应激抗性的诱导剂发挥作用，以及如何通过基因导入在转基因作物中对其进行调节。详细全面地描述了氧化应激事件中活性氧的产生及其通过有效的抗氧化系统进行中和的过程。此外，还讨论了外源应用 PBRs 诱导氧化应激抗性的情况。从农业角度讨论了利用修饰的 PBR 基因表达工程化转基因植物来利用植物防御系统抵御氧化应激的最新进展。
