Attia Mohamed S, Moustafa Mohamed H, Hashem Amr H, Elsayed Salah M, Aloufi Abeer S, Abdelaleem Ismail Mostafa Ismail, Alshahed Karim A, Ismail Abdelrhman S, Ibrahim Abdelrhman M, Abdel-Maksoud Mostafa A, Alamri Abdulaziz, Ebaid Hossam, Kiani Bushra Hafeez, Bakkali Hanan El, Abdelaziz Amer M
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
College of Pharmacy, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2025 Aug 28;118(10):141. doi: 10.1007/s10482-025-02143-3.
Alternaria solani leaf spot disease (ASLS) poses a serious threat to global crop production, including peppers, resulting in notable economic losses. Bio-nanotechnology offers promising solutions for combating plant pathogens by promoting plant defenses and inhibiting pathogen growth. This study explores the effectiveness of copper oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) and copper phosphite (MAXIFOS CU®) in controlling A. solani and boosting growth and defense responses in pepper plants. CNPs were biosynthesized using Penicillium expansum first time and thoroughly characterized through various techniques. Analysis confirmed that the nanoparticles varied in shape, predominantly oval and spherical, with an average size of approximately 40.59 nm, as shown in HR-TEM images. DLS analysis indicated a mean particle size of 74.58 nm, and Zeta potential analysis at pH 7.2 revealed a negative surface charge of - 55.25 mV, attributed to the components of the fungal extract. The study demonstrated that both CNPs and MAXIFOS CU® exhibited antifungal activity against A. solani, with CNPs effectively reducing PDI by 27.5% and enhancing overall plant protection by 65.62%. Results indicated that treated plants showed improvements in photosynthetic pigments, proline content (MAXIFOS CU® 28 g/L increase by 108.3%, while CNPs 81.30%), total phenolic compounds (CNPs 80.70% increase, while MAXIFOS CU® a 68.70%), HO levels (MAXIFOS CU® decreased 22%, whereas CNPs 9%), MDA concentration (CNPs 39% decrease in MDA, while MAXIFOS CU® 34%), and the activities of POD (increased by 53.4, and 45.1% CNPs and MAXIFOS CU®) and PPO (CNPs and MAXIFOS CU® increased by 42.8 and 31.6%) enzymes. These findings highlight the potential of an eco-friendly, dual approach using biosynthesized CNPs and Cu-phosphite for managing A. solani and enhancing pepper plant health.
链格孢叶斑病（ASLS）对包括辣椒在内的全球作物生产构成严重威胁，造成显著经济损失。生物纳米技术通过促进植物防御和抑制病原体生长，为对抗植物病原体提供了有前景的解决方案。本研究探讨了氧化铜纳米颗粒（CNPs）和亚磷酸铜（MAXIFOS CU®）在控制茄链格孢以及促进辣椒植株生长和防御反应方面的有效性。首次使用扩展青霉生物合成了CNPs，并通过各种技术对其进行了全面表征。分析证实，纳米颗粒形状各异，主要为椭圆形和球形，平均尺寸约为40.59纳米，如高分辨率透射电子显微镜图像所示。动态光散射分析表明平均粒径为74.58纳米，在pH 7.2下的zeta电位分析显示表面电荷为- 55.25毫伏，这归因于真菌提取物的成分。研究表明，CNPs和MAXIFOS CU®均对茄链格孢表现出抗真菌活性，CNPs有效降低病情指数27.5%，并将整体植物保护提高65.62%。结果表明，处理后的植株在光合色素、脯氨酸含量（MAXIFOS CU® 28克/升增加108.3%，而CNPs增加81.30%）、总酚类化合物（CNPs增加80.70%，而MAXIFOS CU®增加68.70%）、过氧化氢水平（MAXIFOS CU®降低22%，而CNPs降低9%）、丙二醛浓度（CNPs使丙二醛降低39%，而MAXIFOS CU®降低34%）以及过氧化物酶（CNPs和MAXIFOS CU®分别增加53.4%和45.1%）和多酚氧化酶（CNPs和MAXIFOS CU®分别增加42.8%和31.6%）的活性方面均有改善。这些发现凸显了使用生物合成的CNPs和亚磷酸铜的生态友好型双重方法在管理茄链格孢和增强辣椒植株健康方面的潜力。
