Bergstrom N, Braden B J, Laguzza A, Holman V
Nurs Res. 1987 Jul-Aug;36(4):205-10.
The Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Sore Risk was developed to foster early identification of patients at risk for forming pressure sores. The scale is composed of six subscales that reflect sensory perception, skin moisture, activity, mobility, friction and shear, and nutritional status. Content and construct validity were established by expert opinion and empirical testing. Three studies of reliability are reported here, using raters who varied in level of educational preparation and geographic region. Two prospective studies of predictive validity were completed to determine the scale's sensitivity and specificity. Reliability ranged from r = .83 to r = .94 for nurses' aides and licensed practical nurses; when used by registered nurses, the reliability increased to r = .99. Predictive validity was calculated for each cut-off point of the scale. Using a cut-off point of 16, sensitivity was 100% in both studies. Specificity ranged from 64% to 90%. This instrument has highly satisfactory reliability when used by RNs, and greater sensitivity and specificity than instruments previously reported.
用于预测压疮风险的Braden量表旨在促进对有形成压疮风险患者的早期识别。该量表由六个子量表组成，反映感觉知觉、皮肤湿度、活动能力、移动能力、摩擦力和剪切力以及营养状况。通过专家意见和实证测试确定了内容效度和结构效度。本文报告了三项关于信度的研究，研究中评分者的教育程度和地理区域各不相同。完成了两项关于预测效度的前瞻性研究，以确定该量表的敏感性和特异性。护士助理和执业护士的信度范围为r = 0.83至r = 0.94；注册护士使用时，信度提高到r = 0.99。对量表的每个临界点计算预测效度。使用16分的临界点时，两项研究中的敏感性均为100%。特异性范围为64%至90%。该工具由注册护士使用时具有高度令人满意的信度，并且比先前报道的工具具有更高的敏感性和特异性。
