Department of Orthopaedics, Institue of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Orthopaedic Research Unit, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, R-house, Level 7, 431 80, Mölndal, Sweden.
J Orthop Surg Res. 2020 Sep 29;15(1):444. doi: 10.1186/s13018-020-01952-8.
There is conflicting evidence regarding the association between cam morphological changes and hip pain, and it remains unclear who with cam morphology will develop hip pain and who will not. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between cam morphology, hip pain, and activity level at a 5-year follow-up in young Alpine and Mogul skiers.
All students (n = 76) at Åre Ski National Sports High School were invited and accepted participation in this prospective study at baseline. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of both hips was conducted to evaluate the presence of cam morphology (α-angle ≥ 55°) and its size alongside the reporting of hip pain, type, and frequency of training by the Back and hip questionnaire, at baseline. After 5 years, the skiers were invited to complete a shortened version of the same questionnaire.
A total of 60 skiers (80%) completed the follow-up questionnaire, of which 53 had concomitant MRI data. Cam morphology was present in 25 skiers (47.2%, 39 hips). Hip pain at baseline and at follow-up was reported in 17 (28.3%) and 22 (36.7%) skiers, respectively. No correlations were found between the activity level, the frequency, and the size of cam morphology and hip pain, except for the right hip α-angle at 1 o'clock and hip pain in skiers with cam morphology at baseline (r = 0.49; P = 0.03) and at follow-up (r = 0.47; P = 0.04). A total of 73.3% skiers had retired, of which 48% reported this was due to injuries.
Hip pain was not shown to be correlated, or had a low correlation, with activity level and the presence and size of cam morphology in young skiers on a 5-year follow-up. Based on these results, cam morphology or activity level did not affect hip pain to develop during 5 years of follow-up in young skiers. Furthermore, this study highlights that almost 75% of young elite skiers had retired from their elite career with almost 50% reporting that this was due to injuries sustained from skiing.
凸轮形态变化与髋痛之间的关联存在相互矛盾的证据，目前仍不清楚哪些具有凸轮形态的人会出现髋痛，哪些人不会。本研究旨在探讨在 5 年随访中，年轻高山和mogul 滑雪者的凸轮形态、髋痛和活动水平之间的相关性。
邀请Åre Ski National Sports High School 的所有学生（n=76）参加本前瞻性研究，并在基线时接受双侧髋关节磁共振成像（MRI）检查，以评估凸轮形态（α角≥55°）及其大小，并通过背部和臀部问卷报告髋痛的类型和频率。5 年后，邀请滑雪者完成相同问卷的简化版。
共有 60 名滑雪者（80%）完成了随访问卷，其中 53 名有相应的 MRI 数据。25 名滑雪者（47.2%，39 髋）存在凸轮形态。基线时有髋痛的滑雪者和随访时有髋痛的滑雪者分别为 17 名（28.3%）和 22 名（36.7%）。除了在基线时有凸轮形态的滑雪者中，右侧髋关节 1 点钟α角与髋痛（r=0.49；P=0.03）和随访时（r=0.47；P=0.04）之间存在相关性外，活动水平、凸轮形态的频率和大小与髋痛之间均无相关性。共有 73.3%的滑雪者退役，其中 48%的人报告退役是因为受伤。
在 5 年随访中，年轻滑雪者的髋痛与活动水平以及凸轮形态的存在和大小没有显示出相关性，或相关性较低。基于这些结果，在 5 年随访期间，凸轮形态或活动水平并没有影响年轻滑雪者髋痛的发生。此外，本研究强调，近 75%的年轻精英滑雪者已经从他们的精英生涯中退役，近 50%的人报告退役是因为滑雪受伤。
