Lin Wen-Hsu, Chiao Chi
Institute of Health and Welfare Policy, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan.
Int J Clin Health Psychol. 2020 Sep-Dec;20(3):243-252. doi: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2020.07.006. Epub 2020 Aug 22.
Loneliness is a mental health issue emerging over the life course. This study examines the latent structure of adult loneliness in a non-Western society and its association with adverse adolescence experiences (AAEs) as well as feeling lonely during middle school, high school, and college.
A cohort sample living in Northern Taiwan ( = 2,289) was analyzed from adolescence to adulthood. The de Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale operationalized loneliness by a three-cluster model to present the latent structure of loneliness: emotional, serious emotional, and severe emotional/social loners. AAEs (e.g., abuse, neglect, and dysfunctional family) were measured by seven items. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression models were used to explore the longitudinal effects of AAEs and feeling lonely reported during middle school, high school, and college on adult loneliness.
AAEs and feeling lonely during adolescence were significantly associated with serious emotional loneliness and severe emotional/social loneliness during adulthood, even after adjusting for the individual's characteristics. Attendance at a 4-year college was associated with decreased odds of serious emotional loneliness and severe emotional/social loneliness.
Adults with AAEs and feelings of loneliness over life stages are more likely to report loneliness in the emotional and social domains.
孤独是一种在人生历程中出现的心理健康问题。本研究考察了非西方社会中成人孤独感的潜在结构，及其与不良青少年经历（AAEs）以及中学、高中和大学期间孤独感的关联。
对居住在台湾北部的一个队列样本（n = 2289）从青少年期到成年期进行分析。德容·吉尔维尔德孤独感量表通过一个三聚类模型来衡量孤独感，以呈现孤独感的潜在结构：情感孤独、严重情感孤独和严重情感/社交孤独者。AAEs（如虐待、忽视和功能失调的家庭）通过七个项目进行测量。多变量多项逻辑回归模型用于探讨AAEs以及中学、高中和大学期间报告的孤独感对成人孤独感的纵向影响。
即使在调整了个体特征之后，AAEs和青少年期的孤独感与成年期的严重情感孤独和严重情感/社交孤独显著相关。就读四年制大学与严重情感孤独和严重情感/社交孤独的几率降低相关。
经历过AAEs且在人生各阶段有孤独感的成年人在情感和社交领域更有可能报告孤独感。
