血浆脂肪酸谱与中国肥胖人群（35 - 64岁）的认知功能有关：一项横断面研究。
Plasma fatty acid profile is related to cognitive function in obese Chinese populations (35-64 years): A cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Duan Qi, Fan Rong, Lei Ruqing, Ma Weiwei, Ding Bingjie
机构信息
Department of Endocrinology Beijing Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China.
School of Public Health Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology Capital Medical University Beijing China.
出版信息
Food Sci Nutr. 2020 Aug 7;8(9):4773-4781. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.1738. eCollection 2020 Sep.
BACKGROUND
A fast-growing body of evidence suggests that dietary lipids influence cognition, but the effects of dietary fatty acid (FA) intake and plasma FA profile on cognitive function in obese populations are currently unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the dietary FA intakes and plasma FA composition and their association with cognitive functions in obese and overweight populations aged 35-64 years.
METHODS
A total of 672 subjects were recruited and divided into normal-weight, overweight, and obese groups based on their body mass index (BMI). Dietary information was collected using a semiquantified food frequency questionnaire. Plasma FAs composition was examined using gas chromatography. The mini-mental state examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scales were carried out to assess the cognitive performance of each participant. Dietary FA intake and plasma FA composition were compared with rank transformation followed by one-way ANOVA analysis across different BMI groups. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between dietary FA intake and plasma FA composition and cognitive functions in normal-weight, overweight, and obese subjects, respectively.
RESULTS
Overweight and obese subjects consumed larger amounts of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) compared to normal-weight participants (.05). Obese populations also had higher plasma levels of total SFAs and total monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFAs) than normal-weight subjects (both .05). In addition, plasma levels of SFAs, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and MUFAs were negatively correlated with cognitive functions in obese subjects but showed no correlation in normal-weight and overweight subjects.
CONCLUSIONS
From current data, we found higher plasma levels of SFA, PUFA, and MUFA in obese populations, which were associated with declined cognition. Lowering plasma FA levels may help maintaining normal cognitive functions in obese people.
背景
越来越多的证据表明饮食中的脂质会影响认知，但目前尚不清楚饮食中脂肪酸（FA）摄入量和血浆FA谱对肥胖人群认知功能的影响。本研究旨在调查35 - 64岁肥胖和超重人群的饮食FA摄入量、血浆FA组成及其与认知功能的关联。
方法
共招募672名受试者，根据体重指数（BMI）分为正常体重、超重和肥胖组。使用半定量食物频率问卷收集饮食信息。采用气相色谱法检测血浆FA组成。使用简易精神状态检查表和蒙特利尔认知评估量表对每位参与者的认知表现进行评估。对不同BMI组的饮食FA摄入量和血浆FA组成进行秩转换后采用单因素方差分析进行比较。分别使用Spearman秩相关分析研究正常体重、超重和肥胖受试者饮食FA摄入量、血浆FA组成与认知功能之间的相关性。
结果
与正常体重参与者相比，超重和肥胖受试者摄入的饱和脂肪酸（SFA）量更多（P <.05）。肥胖人群血浆中总SFA和总单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）水平也高于正常体重受试者（均P <.05）。此外，肥胖受试者血浆中SFA、多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）和MUFA水平与认知功能呈负相关，但在正常体重和超重受试者中无相关性。
结论
根据目前的数据，我们发现肥胖人群血浆中SFA、PUFA和MUFA水平较高，这与认知能力下降有关。降低血浆FA水平可能有助于维持肥胖人群的正常认知功能。
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