Asad Asad L
Department of Sociology, Harvard University, 33 Kirkland Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Popul Environ. 2015 Mar;36(3):279-310. doi: 10.1007/s11111-014-0221-4. Epub 2014 Sep 24.
Current theories conceptualize return migration to New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina as an individual-level assessment of costs and benefits. Since relocation is cost prohibitive, return migration is thought to be unlikely for vulnerable populations. However, recent analyses of longitudinal survey data suggest that these individuals are likely to return to New Orleans over time despite achieving socioeconomic gains in the post-disaster location. I extend the "context of reception" approach from the sociology of immigration and draw on longitudinal data from the Resilience in the Survivors of Katrina Project to demonstrate how institutional, labor market, and social contexts influence the decision to return. Specifically, I show how subjective comparisons of the three contexts between origin and destination, perceived experiences of discrimination within each context, and changing contexts over time explain my sample's divergent migration and mobility outcomes. I conclude with implications for future research on, and policy responses to, natural disasters.
当前理论将卡特里娜飓风过后返回新奥尔良的回迁现象概念化为个人层面的成本效益评估。由于搬迁成本过高，弱势群体被认为不太可能回迁。然而，最近对纵向调查数据的分析表明，尽管这些人在灾后安置地取得了社会经济收益，但随着时间的推移，他们仍有可能返回新奥尔良。我借鉴移民社会学中的“接纳背景”方法，并利用卡特里娜飓风幸存者复原力项目的纵向数据，来证明制度、劳动力市场和社会背景如何影响回迁决定。具体而言，我展示了原籍地和目的地之间这三种背景的主观比较、在每种背景下感受到的歧视经历以及随着时间推移背景的变化，是如何解释我样本中不同的迁移和流动结果的。最后，我阐述了对未来自然灾害研究及政策应对的启示。
