移民与环境危害
Migration and Environmental Hazards.
作者信息
Hunter Lori M
机构信息
Institute of Behavioral Science, Program on Environment and Behavior, Department of Sociology, University of Colorado at Boulder.
出版信息
Popul Environ. 2005 Mar;26(4):273-302. doi: 10.1007/s11111-005-3343-x.
Abstract
Losses due to natural hazards (e.g., earthquakes, hurricanes) and technological hazards (e.g., nuclear waste facilities, chemical spills) are both on the rise. One response to hazard-related losses is migration, with this paper offering a review of research examining the association between migration and environmental hazards. Using examples from both developed and developing regional contexts, the overview demonstrates that the association between migration and environmental hazards varies by setting, hazard types, and household characteristics. In many cases, however, results demonstrate that environmental factors play a role in shaping migration decisions, particularly among those most vulnerable. Research also suggests that risk perception acts as a mediating factor. Classic migration theory is reviewed to offer a foundation for examination of these associations.
摘要
自然灾害（如地震、飓风）和技术灾害（如核废料设施、化学物质泄漏）造成的损失都在不断增加。应对与灾害相关损失的一种方式是迁移，本文对研究迁移与环境灾害之间关联的研究进行了综述。通过发达国家和发展中地区背景的实例，综述表明迁移与环境灾害之间的关联因环境、灾害类型和家庭特征而异。然而，在许多情况下，结果表明环境因素在塑造迁移决策中发挥作用，尤其是在最脆弱人群中。研究还表明，风险认知是一个中介因素。本文回顾了经典迁移理论，为研究这些关联提供基础。
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