Koslov Liz, Merdjanoff Alexis, Sulakshana Elana, Klinenberg Eric
Department of Urban Planning and Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, 10003 NY USA.
Clim Change. 2021;165(3):59. doi: 10.1007/s10584-021-03069-1. Epub 2021 Apr 23.
After a disaster, it is common to equate repopulation and rebuilding with recovery. Numerous studies link post-disaster relocation to adverse social, economic, and health outcomes. However, there is a need to reconsider these relationships in light of accelerating climate change and associated social and policy shifts in the USA, including the rising cost of flood insurance, the challenge of obtaining aid to rebuild, and growing interest in "managed retreat" from places at greatest risk. This article presents data from a survey of individuals who opted either to rebuild in place or relocate with the help of a voluntary home buyout after Hurricane Sandy. Findings show those who lived in buyout-eligible areas and relocated were significantly less likely to report worsened stress than those who rebuilt in place. This suggests access to a government-supported voluntary relocation option may, under certain circumstances, lessen the negative mental health consequences associated with disaster-related housing damage.
灾难过后，人们通常将人口重新聚集和重建等同于恢复。大量研究将灾后搬迁与不良的社会、经济和健康后果联系起来。然而，鉴于美国气候变化加速以及相关的社会和政策转变，包括洪水保险成本上升、获得重建援助的挑战，以及对从风险最大地区“有计划地撤离”的兴趣日益浓厚，有必要重新审视这些关系。本文展示了一项针对在桑迪飓风过后选择原地重建或在自愿房屋收购帮助下搬迁的个人的调查数据。研究结果表明，那些居住在符合收购条件地区并搬迁的人报告压力恶化的可能性明显低于原地重建的人。这表明，在某些情况下，获得政府支持的自愿搬迁选项可能会减轻与灾害相关的房屋损坏所带来的负面心理健康影响。
