乌干达城市育龄妇女饮食和体育活动行为的决定因素：一项定性研究。
Determinants of dietary and physical activity behaviours among women of reproductive age in urban Uganda, a qualitative study.
机构信息
Department of Food Technology, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda.
Nutrition & Obesity Unit, Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Aging, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
出版信息
Public Health Nutr. 2021 Aug;24(12):3624-3636. doi: 10.1017/S1368980020003432. Epub 2020 Oct 1.
OBJECTIVE
To explore determinants of dietary and physical activity behaviours among women of reproductive age.
DESIGN
Data were collected through focus group discussions (FGD). The FGD guide was based on a modified theoretical framework; theory of planned behaviour was incorporated with constructs of health belief model, precaution adoption process model, social cognitive and social support theory. Discussions were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.
SETTING
Kampala, Uganda.
PARTICIPANTS
Women were categorised into young adults; 18-34 years and adults; 35-45 years.
RESULTS
Separate FGD with independent participants were conducted for dietary and physical activity behaviours until data saturation was achieved. Six FGD were conducted per behaviour. Determinants of dietary behaviours at intra-individual level included gaps in food skills, knowledge and self-efficacy, food safety concerns, convenience, finances and physiological satisfaction. The social-cultural norms were relationship between vegetable consumption and low social status, consideration of fruits as a snack for children and not food and habitual orientation towards carbohydrate foods. At environment level, social networks and increased availability of energy-dense, nutrient poor, street and processed foods influence dietary behaviour. For physical activity, intra-individual determinants were knowledge gaps and self-efficacy, while socio-cultural norms included gender stereotypes. Home (limited space and sedentary entertainment like social media and TV) and physical environment (cheap motorised transportation) influence physical activity.
CONCLUSION
The existing cultural beliefs promote dietary and physical activity behaviours which are divergent from healthy recommendations. Therefore, a comprehensive intervention is needed to address socio-cultural misconceptions, financial and time limitations in urban Uganda.
目的
探讨生育年龄女性饮食和身体活动行为的决定因素。
设计
数据通过焦点小组讨论（FGD）收集。FGD 指南基于修改后的理论框架；计划行为理论结合了健康信念模型、预防采用过程模型、社会认知和社会支持理论的结构。讨论进行了录音、逐字转录，并进行了主题分析。
地点
乌干达坎帕拉。
参与者
将女性分为青年成年人（18-34 岁）和成年成年人（35-45 岁）。
结果
对饮食和身体活动行为进行了单独的 FGD，每个行为进行了 6 个 FGD，参与者相互独立，直到达到数据饱和。饮食行为的个体内决定因素包括食品技能、知识和自我效能、食品安全问题、便利性、财务状况和生理满足感的差距。社会文化规范包括蔬菜消费与低社会地位之间的关系、将水果视为儿童零食而不是食物以及习惯性地倾向于碳水化合物食物。在环境层面，社交网络和能量密集、营养贫乏、街头和加工食品的供应增加影响饮食行为。对于身体活动，个体内的决定因素是知识差距和自我效能，而社会文化规范包括性别刻板印象。家庭（有限的空间和久坐的娱乐活动，如社交媒体和电视）和物理环境（廉价的机动交通工具）影响身体活动。
结论
现有的文化信仰促进了与健康建议不一致的饮食和身体活动行为。因此，在乌干达城市，需要采取全面的干预措施来解决社会文化误解、财务和时间限制问题。
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