Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; University Program in Genetics and Genomics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; University Program in Genetics and Genomics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University Durham, NC, USA.
Trends Microbiol. 2021 Apr;29(4):346-362. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2020.09.006. Epub 2020 Sep 29.
Humanity's ongoing struggle with new, re-emerging and endemic infectious diseases serves as a frequent reminder of the need to understand host-pathogen interactions. Recent advances in genomics have dramatically advanced our understanding of how genetics contributes to host resistance or susceptibility to bacterial infection. Here we discuss current trends in defining host-bacterial interactions at the genome-wide level, including screens that harness CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, natural genetic variation, proteomics, and transcriptomics. We report on the merits, limitations, and findings of these innovative screens and discuss their complementary nature. Finally, we speculate on future innovation as we continue to progress through the postgenomic era and towards deeper mechanistic insight and clinical applications.
人类与新发、再现和地方性传染病的持续斗争经常提醒我们有必要了解宿主-病原体相互作用。基因组学的最新进展极大地促进了我们对遗传如何影响宿主对细菌感染的抵抗力或易感性的理解。在这里，我们讨论了在全基因组水平上定义宿主-细菌相互作用的当前趋势，包括利用 CRISPR/Cas9 基因组编辑、自然遗传变异、蛋白质组学和转录组学的筛选。我们报告了这些创新筛选的优点、局限性和发现，并讨论了它们的互补性。最后，我们推测随着我们继续进入后基因组时代以及对更深入的机制见解和临床应用的探索，未来会有哪些创新。
