Wang Haining, Wei Songhong, Yang Xiaohe, Liu Wei, Zhu Lijun
Department of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China.
PeerJ. 2020 Aug 6;8:e9592. doi: 10.7717/peerj.9592. eCollection 2020.
causes leaf spot disease on . Exudation of droplets, when grown on PDA, distinguishes this fungi from other members of the genus . The role this exudate plays in the virulence of this pathogen has not been elucidated. To explore this, we characterized the transcriptome of and the proteome of exudate associated with this plant pathogen.
Virulence of three strains of was evaluated in greenhouse assays. De novo sequencing was applied to assemble transcriptome from these strains. Nano-HPLC-MS/MS analysis was used to identify proteins in the pathogen exudate. Identified proteins were functionally classified and annotated using GO, KEGG, and COG/KOG bioinformatics analysis methods.
When treated with the exudate of . strain SCa-01, leaves of . showed yellowing and necrosis of the leaves and similar symptoms to plants inoculated with this fungi. A total of 14,937 unigenes were assembled from , and 576 proteins comprising 1,538 peptides, 1,524 unique peptide, were identified from the exudate. GO annotation classified 411 proteins (71%) into 27 functional categories, namely, 12, seven and eight biological process, cellular component, and molecular function subcategories, respectively. KEGG analysis assigned 314 proteins to 84 signaling/metabolic pathways, and 450 proteins were annotated against the COG/KOG database.
Transcriptome and GO analysis of . found most proteins in the exudate. GO analysis suggested that a considerable proportion of proteins were involved in cellular process and metabolic process, which suggests exudates maintain the metabolic balance of this fungi. Some proteins annotated to the phenylalanine metabolism, which suggests that the exudates may enhance the virulence of this pathogen. Some proteins annotated to the phenylalanine metabolism, which suggests that the exudates may enhance the pathogenicity of the pathogen. Also some proteins were annotated to the peroxisome metabolic pathway and the fatty acid biosynthesis pathways. These pathways may confer antifungal, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity on the exudates.
在……上引起叶斑病。在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂（PDA）培养基上生长时会有液滴渗出，这一特征将该真菌与该属的其他成员区分开来。这种渗出物在该病原体毒力中所起的作用尚未阐明。为了探究这一点，我们对……的转录组以及与这种植物病原体相关的渗出物蛋白质组进行了表征。
在温室试验中评估了三株……的毒力。应用从头测序从这些菌株中组装转录组。采用纳升液相色谱-串联质谱（Nano-HPLC-MS/MS）分析来鉴定病原体渗出物中的蛋白质。使用基因本体论（GO）、京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）和直系同源基因簇/真核生物直系同源基因簇（COG/KOG）生物信息学分析方法对鉴定出的蛋白质进行功能分类和注释。
用……菌株SCa-01的渗出物处理后，……的叶片出现黄化和坏死，症状与接种该真菌的植物相似。从……中总共组装了14937个单基因，并且从渗出物中鉴定出了576种蛋白质，包括1538个肽段、1524个独特肽段。GO注释将411种蛋白质（71%）分为27个功能类别，分别是12个、7个和8个生物过程、细胞成分和分子功能子类别。KEGG分析将314种蛋白质分配到84条信号传导/代谢途径，并且根据COG/KOG数据库对450种蛋白质进行了注释。
对……的转录组和GO分析发现渗出物中有大多数蛋白质。GO分析表明相当一部分蛋白质参与细胞过程和代谢过程，这表明渗出物维持了这种真菌的代谢平衡。一些蛋白质被注释到苯丙氨酸代谢，这表明渗出物可能增强该病原体的毒力。一些蛋白质被注释到苯丙氨酸代谢，这表明渗出物可能增强病原体的致病性。此外，一些蛋白质被注释到过氧化物酶体代谢途径和脂肪酸生物合成途径。这些途径可能赋予渗出物抗真菌、抗氧化和抗菌活性。
