Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-032 Katowice, Poland.
Biomolecules. 2021 Aug 25;11(9):1270. doi: 10.3390/biom11091270.
Guttation is a common phenomenon in the fungal kingdom. Its occurrence and intensity depend largely on culture conditions, such as growth medium composition or incubation temperature. As filamentous fungi are a rich source of compounds, possessing various biological activities, guttation exudates could also contain bioactive substances. Among such molecules, researchers have already found numerous mycotoxins, antimicrobials, insecticides, bioherbicides, antiviral, and anticancer agents in exudate droplets. They belong to either secondary metabolites (SMs) or proteins and are secreted with different intensities. The background of guttation, in terms of its biological role, in vivo, and promoting factors, has been explored only partially. In this review, we describe the metabolites present in fungal exudates, their diversity, and bioactivities. Pointing to the significance of fungal ecology and natural products discovery, selected aspects of guttation in the fungi are discussed.
溢泌作用是真菌界的一种常见现象。其发生和强度在很大程度上取决于培养条件，例如生长培养基的组成或培养温度。由于丝状真菌是具有各种生物活性化合物的丰富来源，因此溢泌物中也可能含有生物活性物质。在这些分子中，研究人员已经在溢泌液滴中发现了许多霉菌毒素、抗菌剂、杀虫剂、生物除草剂、抗病毒和抗癌剂。它们要么属于次生代谢物 (SMs)，要么属于蛋白质，并以不同的强度分泌。溢泌作用的背景，就其生物学作用、体内和促进因素而言，仅被部分探索。在这篇综述中，我们描述了真菌溢泌物中存在的代谢物、它们的多样性和生物活性。本文指出了真菌生态学和天然产物发现的重要性，讨论了真菌溢泌作用的几个方面。
