Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk.
Wagner and Kapoor Research Institute, Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA.
Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2020 Nov;31(6):508-513. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000698.
The aim of this article is to summarize up-to-date research on the effects of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on retinal vascular conditions.
OSA is associated with the development of diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, and central serous chorioretinopathy. The severity of OSA and biomarkers such as the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) correlate with the severity of retinal disease. Dysregulation of circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (CLOCK) genes that govern circadian rhythm is associated with development of proliferative retinal disease.
OSA and retinal vascular disease have a high cost burden on the healthcare system. OSA creates systemic changes and hypoxic conditions that may incite or exacerbate retinal vascular diseases. Retinal changes may be the first clinical manifestation of otherwise undiagnosed OSA, so it is important to refer patients with new-onset retinal vascular disease for appropriate sleep testing.
本文旨在总结阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）对视网膜血管状况影响的最新研究。
OSA 与糖尿病视网膜病变、视网膜静脉阻塞和中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变的发展有关。OSA 的严重程度和生物标志物（如呼吸暂停-低通气指数[AHI]）与视网膜疾病的严重程度相关。调节昼夜节律运动输出周期 kaput（CLOCK）基因的失调与增殖性视网膜疾病的发展有关。
OSA 和视网膜血管疾病给医疗保健系统带来了沉重的负担。OSA 会引起全身变化和缺氧，从而可能引发或加重视网膜血管疾病。视网膜变化可能是未确诊的 OSA 的首发临床表现，因此对于新发视网膜血管疾病的患者，重要的是进行适当的睡眠测试。
