Department of Child Health, Gastrohepatology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children's, Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Clin Gastroenterol. 2021 Oct 1;55(9):772-777. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000001434.
Aerophagia is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by repeated air swallowing leading to chronic abdominal distension. Symptoms can be long lasting, lead to frustration, and distress. This study describes prevalence, related factors, and symptomatology of aerophagia, together with its relationship with emotional stress.
Cross-sectional study. Adolescents aged 10 to 17 years from selected state schools by convenient sampling from Jakarta, Indonesia, were recruited. Rome III self-administered questionnaire was used to compile data on gastrointestinal symptoms. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, intestinal and extraintestinal symptoms, and stressful life events were collected using a separate questionnaire.
A total of 1796 questionnaires were included in the analysis [males 732 (40.8%), mean age 13.58 (SD 0.992) years]. There were 81 (4.5%) subjects diagnosed with aerophagia. When the criterion of belching was removed from the diagnosis of aerophagia, the prevalence drops to only 2 (0.1%). subjects. Bivariate analysis showed that sociodemographic factors have no correlation with aerophagia. In subjects with aerophagia, among the intestinal-related and extraintestinal symptoms, only loss of appetite was significantly more common in the aerophagia population (33.3%) when compared with controls (22.8%). Death of a close family member [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 2.78; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.46-5.31; P=0.002], divorce or separation of parents (adjusted OR, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.38-4.66; P=0.003), and divorce followed by separate individual remarriage of parents (adjusted OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.01-3.98; P=0.046) were found to be significantly associated with aerophagia by multivariate analysis.
The prevalence of aerophagia was found in 4.5% of Indonesian school-aged children according to Rome III criteria, but the prevalence was found only 0.1% if the belching is removed from the criteria. Besides the main symptoms, only loss of appetite was significantly more common in aerophagia among intestinal-related and extraintestinal symptoms. Family-related stress showed a significant correlation with aerophagia.
吞气症是一种功能性胃肠道疾病，其特征为反复吞咽空气导致慢性腹胀。症状可能持续存在，导致患者沮丧和痛苦。本研究描述了吞气症的患病率、相关因素和症状学，以及其与情绪压力的关系。
这是一项横断面研究。通过便利抽样，从印度尼西亚雅加达的选定州立学校招募了 10 至 17 岁的青少年。使用罗马 III 自我管理问卷来汇编胃肠道症状数据。使用单独的问卷收集社会人口统计学特征、肠内和肠外症状以及压力性生活事件的数据。
共纳入 1796 份问卷进行分析[男性 732 人（40.8%），平均年龄 13.58（SD 0.992）岁]。有 81 名（4.5%）受试者被诊断为吞气症。如果从吞气症的诊断中去除打嗝的标准，患病率将降至仅 2（0.1%）名受试者。双变量分析表明，社会人口学因素与吞气症无相关性。在吞气症患者中，在肠内相关和肠外症状中，只有食欲不振在吞气症人群中更为常见（33.3%），而对照组中为 22.8%。近亲死亡[调整后的优势比（OR），2.78；95%置信区间（CI），1.46-5.31；P=0.002]、父母离婚或分居（调整后的 OR，2.54；95% CI，1.38-4.66；P=0.003）以及父母离婚后单独再婚（调整后的 OR，2.01；95% CI，1.01-3.98；P=0.046）在多变量分析中被发现与吞气症显著相关。
根据罗马 III 标准，在印度尼西亚学龄儿童中发现吞气症的患病率为 4.5%，但如果将打嗝从标准中去除，患病率仅为 0.1%。除了主要症状外，在肠内相关和肠外症状中，只有食欲不振在吞气症中更为常见。与家庭相关的压力与吞气症显著相关。
