Bhanja Soumendra N, Mukherjee Abhijit, Rodell Matthew
Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.
Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560054, India.
Hydrol Sci J. 2020;65(4):650-659. doi: 10.1080/02626667.2020.1716238. Epub 2020 Jan 24.
India has been the subject of many recent groundwater studies due to the rapid depletion of groundwater in large parts of the country. However, few if any of these studies have examined groundwater storage conditions in all of India's river basins individually. Herein we assess groundwater storage changes in all 22 of India's major river basins using data from 3420 observation locations for the period 2003-2014. One-month and 12-month standardized precipitation index measures (SPI-1 and SPI-12) indicate fluctuations in the long-term pattern. The Ganges and Brahmaputra basins experienced long-term decreasing trends in precipitation in both 1961-2014 and the study period, 2003-2014. Indeterminate or increasing precipitation trends occurred in other basins. Satellite-based and groundwater storage time series exhibited similar patterns, with increases in most of the basins. However, diminishing groundwater storage (at rates of >0.4 km/year) was revealed in the Ganges-Brahmaputra river basin based on observations, which is particularly important due to its agricultural productivity.
由于印度大部分地区地下水迅速枯竭，印度最近成为众多地下水研究的对象。然而，这些研究中几乎没有一项单独考察过印度所有流域的地下水储存状况。在此，我们利用2003年至2014年期间3420个观测点的数据，评估了印度22个主要流域的地下水储存变化情况。1个月和12个月的标准化降水指数测量值（SPI - 1和SPI - 12）显示出长期模式的波动。在1961 - 2014年以及研究期2003 - 2014年期间，恒河流域和雅鲁藏布江流域的降水量都呈长期下降趋势。其他流域出现了不确定或上升的降水趋势。基于卫星和地下水储存的时间序列呈现出相似的模式，大多数流域出现了增加。然而，根据观测结果，恒河 - 雅鲁藏布江流域的地下水储存量正在减少（速率>0.4立方千米/年），鉴于其农业生产力，这一情况尤为重要。
