Hydrological Sciences Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA.
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Nature. 2018 May;557(7707):651-659. doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0123-1. Epub 2018 May 16.
Freshwater availability is changing worldwide. Here we quantify 34 trends in terrestrial water storage observed by the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites during 2002-2016 and categorize their drivers as natural interannual variability, unsustainable groundwater consumption, climate change or combinations thereof. Several of these trends had been lacking thorough investigation and attribution, including massive changes in northwestern China and the Okavango Delta. Others are consistent with climate model predictions. This observation-based assessment of how the world's water landscape is responding to human impacts and climate variations provides a blueprint for evaluating and predicting emerging threats to water and food security.
淡水供应正在全球范围内发生变化。在这里，我们利用重力恢复和气候实验（GRACE）卫星在 2002-2016 年期间观测到的 34 种陆地水储量变化趋势，并将其驱动因素分为自然年际变化、不可持续的地下水消耗、气候变化或它们的组合。其中一些趋势缺乏彻底的调查和归因，包括中国西北部和奥卡万戈三角洲的大规模变化。其他趋势则与气候模型的预测一致。这种基于观测的评估可以了解世界水景观如何应对人类影响和气候变化，为评估和预测水和粮食安全方面新出现的威胁提供了蓝图。
