Epileptic Seizure Detection for Imbalanced Datasets Using an Integrated Machine Learning Approach.

Epileptic Seizure (Epilepsy) is a neurological disorder that occurs due to abnormal brain activities. Epilepsy affects patients' health and lead to life-threatening situations. Early prediction of epilepsy is highly effective to avoid seizures. Machine Learning algorithms have been used to classify epilepsy from Electroencephalograms (EEG) data. These algorithms exhibited reduced performance when classes are imbalanced. This work presents an integrated machine learning approach for epilepsy detection, which can effectively learn from imbalanced data. This approach utilizes Principal Component Analysis (PCA) at the first stage to extract both high- and low- variant Principal Components (PCs), which are empirically customized for imbalanced data classification. Conventionally, PCA is used for dimension reduction of a dataset leveraging PCs with high variances. In this paper, we propose a model to show that PCs associated with low variances can capture the implicit pattern of minor class of a dataset. The selected PCs are then fed into different machine learning classifiers to predict seizures. We performed experiments on the Epileptic Seizure Recognition dataset to evaluate our model. The experimental results show the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed model.