Ishaka Aminu, Imam Mustapha Umar, Ismail Maznah
Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University.
Director Centre for Advance Medical Research and Training (CAMRET).
J Oleo Sci. 2020;69(10):1287-1295. doi: 10.5650/jos.ess20098.
Policosanol, a mixture of long-chain alcohols found in animal and plant waxes, has several biological effects including lipid-lowering that have been extensively studied. However, its bioavailability is low. To investigate the effect of nanoemulsified rice bran wax policosanol (NPOL) on plasma homocysteine, heart and liver histology in hyperlipidemic rats, high-fat diet containing 2.5% cholesterol was used to induce hyperlipidemia in Sprague Dawley rats. The hyperlipidemic rats were treated with NPOL and rice bran wax policosanol (POL) in comparison with normal diet (ND), high-cholesterol diet (HCD) and simvastatin-treated rats. Plasma homocysteine, heart and liver histology, and hepatic mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) were evaluated. The NPOL group, similar to the simvastatin group, showed reduced plasma homocysteine, preserved heart and liver histology, and down-regulated hepatic PPARG mRNA in comparison to the control group, and was better than the POL group. The results suggest that the modest effect of NPOL on homocysteine and preservation of heart and liver histology could be through the regulation of PPARG expression on a background of increased assimilation of rice bran wax policosanol.
聚多卡醇是一种存在于动植物蜡中的长链醇混合物，具有多种生物学效应，包括降血脂作用，这些作用已得到广泛研究。然而，其生物利用度较低。为了研究纳米乳化米糠蜡聚多卡醇（NPOL）对高脂血症大鼠血浆同型半胱氨酸、心脏和肝脏组织学的影响，采用含2.5%胆固醇的高脂饮食诱导斯普拉格-道利大鼠发生高脂血症。将高脂血症大鼠用NPOL和米糠蜡聚多卡醇（POL）进行治疗，并与正常饮食（ND）组、高胆固醇饮食（HCD）组和辛伐他汀治疗组的大鼠进行比较。评估了血浆同型半胱氨酸、心脏和肝脏组织学以及过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ（PPARG）的肝脏mRNA表达。与辛伐他汀组相似，NPOL组与对照组相比，血浆同型半胱氨酸降低，心脏和肝脏组织学保持正常，肝脏PPARG mRNA下调，且优于POL组。结果表明，NPOL对同型半胱氨酸的适度影响以及对心脏和肝脏组织学的保护作用可能是通过在米糠蜡聚多卡醇同化增加的背景下调节PPARG表达来实现的。
