Padmanabhan Monika, Arumugam Geetha
J Complement Integr Med. 2014 Jun;11(2):107-19. doi: 10.1515/jcim-2013-0053.
Persea americana, commonly known as avocado, is traditionally consumed fruit which possesses body fat lowering capacity. Adiponectin plays an important role in regulating obesity. In this study, the effect of hydro-alcoholic fruit extract of P. americana (HAEPA) on the level of blood lipids, glutathione, lipid peroxidation products, adiponectin and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)-γ expressions was investigated in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD).
Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: groups 1 and 2 were fed normal rat chow (5% fat) and groups 3 and 4 were fed HFD (23% fat) for a period of 14 weeks. In addition, groups 2 and 4 rats were administered orally with 100 mg/kg body weight of HAEPA from third week. After 14 weeks, rats were sacrificed, and serum/plasma levels of total cholesterol, phospholipids, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and adiponectin were determined. The mRNA expression of adiponectin, PPAR-γ and protein expression of PPAR-γ were also evaluated.
The body mass index (BMI), total fat pad mass and adiposity index were significantly decreased in HAEPA co-administered rats than in HFD-fed rats. The levels of LDL and lipid peroxides were significantly higher in HFD group than in HFD+HAEPA group. Levels of reduced glutathione, adiponectin, mRNA expression of adiponectin, PPAR-γ and protein expression of PPAR-γ were found to be increased in HFD+HAEPA group than in HFD group. The hypolipidemic effect of HAEPA is also evidenced by the histological observations in liver, heart and adipose tissue.
The results indicate that HAEPA exhibits hypolipidemic activity probably by increasing the mRNA expression of adiponectin and PPAR-γ, which reduce the risk of hyperlipidemia and obesity.
鳄梨，通常被称为牛油果，是一种传统食用水果，具有降低体脂的能力。脂联素在调节肥胖方面发挥着重要作用。在本研究中，研究了鳄梨水醇果实提取物（HAEPA）对高脂饮食（HFD）喂养大鼠血脂水平、谷胱甘肽、脂质过氧化产物、脂联素和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPAR）-γ表达的影响。
将雄性Sprague Dawley大鼠分为四组：第1组和第2组喂食正常大鼠饲料（5%脂肪），第3组和第4组喂食HFD（23%脂肪），持续14周。此外，从第三周开始，第2组和第4组大鼠口服给予100 mg/kg体重的HAEPA。14周后，处死大鼠，测定血清/血浆中总胆固醇、磷脂、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）和脂联素水平。还评估了脂联素、PPAR-γ的mRNA表达以及PPAR-γ的蛋白表达。
与HFD喂养的大鼠相比，联合给予HAEPA的大鼠体重指数（BMI）、总脂肪垫质量和肥胖指数显著降低。HFD组的LDL和脂质过氧化物水平显著高于HFD+HAEPA组。发现HFD+HAEPA组的还原型谷胱甘肽、脂联素水平、脂联素的mRNA表达、PPAR-γ的mRNA表达和PPAR-γ的蛋白表达均高于HFD组。肝脏、心脏和脂肪组织的组织学观察也证明了HAEPA的降血脂作用。
结果表明，HAEPA可能通过增加脂联素和PPAR-γ的mRNA表达来发挥降血脂活性，从而降低高脂血症和肥胖的风险。
