伊朗阻塞性肺病负担：伊朗北部慢性阻塞性肺疾病的患病率及危险因素

Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease in Iran: Prevalence and Risk Factors for COPD in North of Iran.

作者信息

Sharifi Hooman, Ghanei Mostafa, Jamaati Hamidreza, Masjedi Mohammad Reza, Aarabi Mohsen, Sharifpour Ali, Radmand Golnar, Najafimehr Hadis, Buist A Sonia

机构信息

Tobacco Prevention and Control Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

出版信息

Int J Prev Med. 2020 Jul 3;11:78. doi: 10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_478_18. eCollection 2020.

DOI:10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_478_18

PMID:33033587

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7513778/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Globally chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was reported as the fourth leading cause of death (5.1%) in 2004 and is projected to occupy the third position (8.6%) in 2030. The goal of the present project is to describe the prevalence and risk factors of COPD in a province in the north of Iran.

METHODS

This study followed a stratified cluster sampling strategy with proportional allocation within strata. The stratification of the sample according to the 31 provinces of Iran is incorporated in the sampling process. The single most important outcome measure obtained as part of this protocol was spirometry before and after the administration of 200 mg (2 puffs) of salbutamol. The descriptive statistics for categorical variables included the number and percent and for continues variables included the mean ± SD.

RESULTS

A total of 1007 subjects were included in the study. Among all participants, 46 (5%) subjects had COPD on the basis of symptoms and 43 (8.3%) subjects had COPD on the basis of spirometry criteria. In univariate analysis, urban inhabitants in comparison with rural inhabitants had lower COPD risk (OR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.24-0.95), smoker had higher risk compared with nonsmokers (OR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.01-3.82), and subjects with exposure to dust (OR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.09-3.94) had higher risk compared with contrary status.

CONCLUSIONS

This study showed that occupational and environmental smoke exposure was associated with COPD. A new design of preventive measures must be taken to control cooking energy and cooking stoves, particularly in rural areas.

摘要

背景

据报道，2004年慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）在全球范围内是第四大致死原因（占5.1%），预计到2030年将升至第三位（占8.6%）。本项目的目标是描述伊朗北部某省COPD的患病率及危险因素。

方法

本研究采用分层整群抽样策略，各层内按比例分配。根据伊朗的31个省份对样本进行分层，并纳入抽样过程。作为本方案一部分获得的唯一最重要的结果指标是吸入200毫克（2喷）沙丁胺醇前后的肺活量测定。分类变量的描述性统计包括数量和百分比，连续变量的描述性统计包括均值±标准差。

结果

本研究共纳入1007名受试者。在所有参与者中，46名（5%）受试者根据症状诊断为COPD，43名（8.3%）受试者根据肺活量测定标准诊断为COPD。在单因素分析中，与农村居民相比，城市居民患COPD的风险较低（比值比：0.48；95%置信区间：0.24 - 0.95），吸烟者比不吸烟者风险更高（比值比：1.97；95%置信区间：1.01 - 3.82），与无粉尘暴露者相比，有粉尘暴露的受试者风险更高（比值比：2.07；95%置信区间：1.09 - 3.94）。