Sharifi Hooman, Sadr Makan, Emami Habib, Ghanei Mostafa, Eslaminejad Alireza, Radmand Golnar, Masjedi Mohammad Reza, Buist A Sonia
Tobacco Prevention and Control Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Tracheal Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Lung India. 2017 May-Jun;34(3):225-231. doi: 10.4103/0970-2113.205323.
Tobacco use is one of the leading causes of preventable deaths in the world. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of all common types of tobacco use and identify factors associated with tobacco use among adults in Tehran based on information from the population-based Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study in Tehran.
This study had a stratified cluster sampling strategy with proportional allocation within strata. The target population was all noninstitutionalized residents of Tehran over 18 years of age in 2013. A total of 1798 individuals were visited in 22 districts of Tehran; 811 (45.1%) men and 987 (54.9%) women participated in structured interviews.
The estimated prevalence of current cigarette smoking was 10.6% overall, 20.9% in men and 2.2% in women. The prevalence of smoking was the highest among respondents between 45 and 54 years in both males and females. The mean age of initiation of tobacco smoking was 21.04 ± 6.42 years. The mean Fagerström test score was 2.87 ± 2.36 among current smokers. The mean number f cigarettes smoked daily by the participants was 11.39 ± 10.92 cigarettes/day (95% confidence interval = 12.58-10.21) (range 1-60 cigarettes).
The 10.6% prevalence of cigarette smoking is alarming in Tehran. We found that male gender, hookah smoking experience, and poor health status were major risk factors in our study population. Hookah smoking can be considered as a reflection of tobacco smoking in the society.
烟草使用是全球可预防死亡的主要原因之一。本研究旨在根据德黑兰基于人群的慢性阻塞性肺疾病负担研究中的信息，确定德黑兰成年人中所有常见烟草使用类型的患病率，并识别与烟草使用相关的因素。
本研究采用分层整群抽样策略，各层内按比例分配。目标人群为2013年德黑兰所有18岁以上的非机构化居民。在德黑兰的22个区共走访了1798人；811名（45.1%）男性和987名（54.9%）女性参与了结构化访谈。
当前吸烟的估计总体患病率为10.6%，男性为20.9%，女性为2.2%。45至54岁的男性和女性受访者中吸烟率最高。开始吸烟的平均年龄为21.04±6.42岁。当前吸烟者的平均法格斯特罗姆测试得分是2.87±2.36。参与者每天吸烟的平均数量为11.39±10.92支/天（95%置信区间=12.58 - 10.21）（范围为1 - 60支）。
德黑兰10.6%的吸烟患病率令人担忧。我们发现男性、水烟吸食经历和健康状况不佳是我们研究人群中的主要危险因素。水烟吸食可被视为社会中吸烟情况的一种反映。
