9968 Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
J Hum Lact. 2021 Nov;37(4):714-722. doi: 10.1177/0890334420962711. Epub 2020 Oct 9.
Insulin, leptin, and adiponectin regulate energy balance and may influence infant growth via their presence in human milk. Maternal body mass index has been associated with human milk insulin, leptin, and adiponectin concentrations, but results are inconsistent. Maternal serum hormone concentrations and fat mass may better characterize human phenotype and be more appropriate predictors of human milk insulin, leptin, and adiponectin.
To examine the associations of human milk insulin, leptin, and adiponectin with their concentrations in maternal circulation and with maternal fat mass.
Insulin, leptin, and adiponectin were measured in serum and human milk at 1 month postpartum in 25 women. Total body fat mass and fat-free mass were measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Linear regression modeling was used to examine associations of serum hormone concentrations or fat mass with human milk insulin, leptin, and adiponectin after adjusting for covariates.
Serum insulin ( = .007), leptin ( < .001), and adiponectin ( < .001) were each associated with their respective concentrations in human milk. Fat mass was positively associated with insulin ( = .005) and leptin ( < .001), but not with adiponectin ( = .65), in human milk.
Human milk insulin, leptin, and adiponectin were positively associated with their concentrations in serum, and human milk insulin and leptin were associated with maternal fat mass. Future research is needed to elucidate the role of human milk hormones in infant energy balance and growth.
胰岛素、瘦素和脂联素可调节能量平衡，并可能通过其在母乳中的存在而影响婴儿的生长。母体体重指数与母乳中胰岛素、瘦素和脂联素的浓度有关，但结果不一致。母体血清激素浓度和脂肪量可能更好地描述人体表型，并且是母乳胰岛素、瘦素和脂联素的更合适的预测因子。
检查母乳中胰岛素、瘦素和脂联素与母体循环中的浓度以及与母体脂肪量的相关性。
在产后 1 个月时，对 25 名女性的血清和母乳中胰岛素、瘦素和脂联素进行了测量。使用生物电阻抗分析测量全身脂肪量和去脂体重。使用线性回归模型，在校正了协变量后，检查了血清激素浓度或脂肪量与母乳中胰岛素、瘦素和脂联素的相关性。
血清胰岛素（ =.007）、瘦素（ <.001）和脂联素（ <.001）与母乳中的相应浓度均呈正相关。脂肪量与母乳中胰岛素（ =.005）和瘦素（ <.001）呈正相关，但与脂联素（ =.65）无关。
母乳中胰岛素、瘦素和脂联素与血清中的浓度呈正相关，母乳中胰岛素和瘦素与母体脂肪量呈正相关。需要进一步的研究来阐明母乳激素在婴儿能量平衡和生长中的作用。
