Kugananthan Sambavi, Gridneva Zoya, Lai Ching T, Hepworth Anna R, Mark Peter J, Kakulas Foteini, Geddes Donna T
School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley WA 6009, Australia.
School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley WA 6009, Australia.
Nutrients. 2017 Mar 9;9(3):252. doi: 10.3390/nu9030252.
Human milk (HM) appetite hormones and macronutrients may mediate satiety in breastfed infants. This study investigated associations between maternal adiposity and concentrations of HM leptin, adiponectin, protein and lactose, and whether these concentrations and the relationship between body mass index and percentage fat mass (%FM) in a breastfeeding population change over the first year of lactation. Lactating women ( = 59) provided milk samples ( = 283) at the 2nd, 5th, 9th and/or 12th month of lactation. Concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, total protein and lactose were measured. Maternal %FM was measured using bioimpedance spectroscopy. Higher maternal %FM was associated with higher leptin concentrations in both whole (0.006 ± 0.002 ng/mL, = 0.008) and skim HM (0.005 ± 0.002 ng/mL, = 0.007), and protein (0.16 ± 0.07 g/L, = 0.028) concentrations. Adiponectin and lactose concentrations were not associated with %FM (0.01 ± 0.06 ng/mL, = 0.81; 0.08 ± 0.11 g/L, = 0.48, respectively). Whole milk concentrations of adiponectin and leptin did not differ significantly over the first year of lactation. These findings suggest that the level of maternal adiposity during lactation may influence the early appetite programming of breastfed infants by modulating concentrations of HM components.
人乳（HM）中的食欲激素和大量营养素可能介导母乳喂养婴儿的饱腹感。本研究调查了母亲肥胖与HM中瘦素、脂联素、蛋白质和乳糖浓度之间的关联，以及在母乳喂养人群中，这些浓度以及体重指数与体脂百分比（%FM）之间的关系在哺乳期的第一年是否会发生变化。哺乳期妇女（n = 59）在哺乳期第2、5、9和/或12个月提供了乳汁样本（n = 283）。测量了瘦素、脂联素、总蛋白和乳糖的浓度。使用生物电阻抗光谱法测量母亲的%FM。母亲较高的%FM与全脂HM（0.006±0.002 ng/mL，P = 0.008）和脱脂HM（0.005±0.002 ng/mL，P = 0.007）中较高的瘦素浓度以及蛋白质浓度（0.16±0.07 g/L，P = 0.028）相关。脂联素和乳糖浓度与%FM无关（分别为0.01±0.06 ng/mL，P = 0.81；0.08±0.11 g/L，P = 0.48）。在哺乳期的第一年，全脂牛奶中脂联素和瘦素的浓度没有显著差异。这些发现表明，哺乳期母亲的肥胖水平可能通过调节HM成分的浓度来影响母乳喂养婴儿的早期食欲编程。
