Department of Radiology, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Room B02.9375, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
Department of Medical Imaging, Western University, 800 Commissioners Road East, Room C1-609, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada.
Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2020 Nov;30(4):447-458. doi: 10.1016/j.nic.2020.08.001.
Natural language processing (NLP) is an interdisciplinary field, combining linguistics, computer science, and artificial intelligence to enable machines to read and understand human language for meaningful purposes. Recent advancements in deep learning have begun to offer significant improvements in NLP task performance. These techniques have the potential to create new automated tools that could improve clinical workflows and unlock unstructured textual information contained in radiology and clinical reports for the development of radiology and clinical artificial intelligence applications. These applications will combine the appropriate application of classic linguistic and NLP preprocessing techniques, modern NLP techniques, and modern deep learning techniques.
自然语言处理（NLP）是一个跨学科领域，结合了语言学、计算机科学和人工智能，使机器能够阅读和理解人类语言，以实现有意义的目的。深度学习的最新进展开始为 NLP 任务的性能提供显著的改进。这些技术有可能创建新的自动化工具，这些工具可以改善临床工作流程，并为放射学和临床人工智能应用的开发解锁放射学和临床报告中包含的非结构化文本信息。这些应用程序将结合经典语言和 NLP 预处理技术、现代 NLP 技术以及现代深度学习技术的适当应用。
