Department of Nursing, Nursing Care Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, I.R. Iran.
Department of Nursing and Operating Room, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, I.R. Iran.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2022 Apr;16(2):634-641. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2020.378. Epub 2020 Oct 12.
Iran is facing a big challenge controlling the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, and it is unclear to how individuals are engaging in preventive behaviors. This study aimed to investigate changes in preventive behaviors during the first 3 mo of the COVID-19 outbreak in Iran.
This cross-sectional survey was conducted on 1477 adults aged 18 y and older in 31 provinces of Iran. Data were collected by an anonymous online questionnaire.
Overall, engagement in preventive behaviors was relatively acceptable, and more than 45% of subjects always carried out all preventive behaviors. Engaging in all preventive behaviors had a peak in the second month and obviously declined during third month. Engagement in some preventive behaviors, such as "wearing a face mask" and "keeping a safe distance from others," was observed less than other behaviors. There was a statistically significant difference in the engagement in preventive behaviors by gender and occupation ( < 0.001).
Although engagement in preventive behaviors was relatively acceptable for the first 2 mo of the outbreak, it has declined gradually. This is a warning for public health decision makers. COVID-19 is still a crucial issue in Iran, and it is necessary that government decision be based on the fact that Iranian people must live with a coronavirus for months, with full caution and compliance toward all preventive care protocols.
伊朗正面临着控制 2019 冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫情的巨大挑战，目前尚不清楚个人采取了哪些预防行为。本研究旨在调查伊朗 COVID-19 疫情爆发头 3 个月期间预防行为的变化。
本横断面调查在伊朗 31 个省份的 1477 名 18 岁及以上成年人中进行。通过匿名在线问卷收集数据。
总体而言，预防行为的参与度相对可以接受，超过 45%的研究对象始终采取所有预防行为。参与所有预防行为在第二个月达到峰值，在第三个月明显下降。参与某些预防行为（如“佩戴口罩”和“与他人保持安全距离”）的比例低于其他行为。不同性别和职业的预防行为参与度存在统计学差异（<0.001）。
尽管在疫情爆发的头 2 个月，预防行为的参与度相对可以接受，但已逐渐下降。这是对公共卫生决策者的一个警告。COVID-19 在伊朗仍然是一个重要问题，政府决策必须基于伊朗人民必须在数月内与冠状病毒共存的事实，对所有预防措施保持谨慎和遵守。
