D'Arrigo Andrea, Floro Stefano, Bartesaghi Francesca, Casellato Chiara, Sferrazza Papa Giuseppe Francesco, Centanni Stefano, Priori Alberto, Bocci Tommaso
"Aldo Ravelli" Center, Dept of Health Sciences, University of Milan Medical School and San Paolo University Hospital, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo Milano, Milan, Italy.
Respiratory Unit, Dept of Health Sciences, University of Milan, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy.
ERJ Open Res. 2020 Oct 5;6(4). doi: 10.1183/23120541.00165-2020. eCollection 2020 Oct.
The presence of respiratory symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been known since the first description of the disease, even though the prevalence and incidence of these disturbances are not well defined. Several causes have been reported, comprising obstructive and restrictive pulmonary disease and changes in the central ventilatory control, and different pathogenetic mechanisms have been postulated accordingly. In our review, we encompass the current knowledge about respiratory abnormalities in PD, as well as the impact of anti-Parkinsonian drugs as either risk or protective factors. A description of putative pathogenetic mechanisms is also provided, and possible treatments are discussed, focusing on the importance of recognising and treating respiratory symptoms as a key manifestation of the disease itself. A brief description of respiratory dysfunctions in atypical Parkinsonism, especially α-synucleinopathies, is also provided.
自帕金森病（PD）首次被描述以来，人们就已经知道其存在呼吸道症状，尽管这些功能障碍的患病率和发病率尚未明确界定。已报道了多种病因，包括阻塞性和限制性肺部疾病以及中枢通气控制的改变，并据此推测了不同的发病机制。在我们的综述中，我们涵盖了关于PD呼吸道异常的当前知识，以及抗帕金森病药物作为风险或保护因素的影响。还提供了假定发病机制的描述，并讨论了可能的治疗方法，重点强调了将呼吸道症状作为疾病本身的关键表现进行识别和治疗的重要性。还简要描述了非典型帕金森病，尤其是α-突触核蛋白病中的呼吸功能障碍。
