Welle Reinhard, Seufferlein Thomas, Kratzer Wolfgang
Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm.
Z Gastroenterol. 2021 Mar;59(3):225-240. doi: 10.1055/a-1246-3519. Epub 2020 Oct 12.
In Germany, there is no standardized ultrasound training. This study aims to provide a survey into the current state of abdominal ultrasonography training at German university hospitals as well as a comparative analysis of the results from studies conducted in 1999 and 2009.
Chief gastroenterologists from Germany's 34 university hospitals were invited to respond to a postal survey asking about technical equipment, the number of ultrasound scans, the role of professional societies and undergraduate as well as postgraduate training. The response rate was 79 %. In addition, 1183 medical students from 34 faculties completed a complementary online teaching evaluation.
At university hospitals, abdominal ultrasonography is conducted in an increasingly interdisciplinary context. Today, 29 % of university hospitals have interdisciplinary ultrasound centers. The study shows that the number of available ultrasound machines has increased - each hospital has an average of 5.2 systems. This is an increase of 30 % in comparison to 2009 and of 27 % in comparison to 1999. However, the willingness to invest in modern ultrasound machines has decreased. The total number of ultrasound scans as well as the number of contrast-enhanced ultrasound scans have steadily increased over the past years - with a maximum increase of 28 % between 2009 and 2018. The German Society of Ultrasound in Medicine (DEGUM) is increasingly present at university hospitals. It has further strengthened its prominent role in quality assurance and specialist training. Today, 96 % of the chief gastroenterologists are members of DEGUM and 89 % have obtained further qualification offered by the society. Concerning the duration of the training, the number of mandatory examinations and the amount of supervision, there are still considerable differences among the departments. On average, more doctors are trained per department and year. A 6-month full-time training has been established at most hospitals. Sonography enjoys a high standing among students and the findings show a strong readiness for work in that field. The number of practical courses and students has been increasing over the past years. However, there is often an imbalance between the number of courses offered and students who want to enroll.
Training conditions have improved for medical staff as well as students despite the fact that there are still considerable differences in quality among the hospitals. The number of ultrasound scans is steadily increasing in all departments. The study did not show any adequate improvement in the availability of technical equipment. The German Society of Ultrasound in Medicine (DEGUM) has further strengthened its leading position in the field of sonography.
在德国，不存在标准化的超声培训。本研究旨在对德国大学医院腹部超声检查培训的现状进行调查，并对1999年和2009年开展的研究结果进行对比分析。
邀请德国34所大学医院的胃肠病学主任回复一份邮政调查问卷，询问有关技术设备、超声扫描数量、专业协会的作用以及本科和研究生培训的情况。回复率为79%。此外，来自34个院系的1183名医学生完成了一项补充性的在线教学评估。
在大学医院，腹部超声检查在越来越多的跨学科背景下进行。如今，29%的大学医院设有跨学科超声中心。研究表明，可用超声设备的数量有所增加——每家医院平均有5.2套设备。与2009年相比增加了30%，与1999年相比增加了27%。然而，投资购买现代超声设备的意愿有所下降。在过去几年中，超声扫描总数以及超声造影扫描数量稳步增加——2009年至2018年期间增幅最大达28%。德国医学超声学会（DEGUM）在大学医院的影响力日益增强。它在质量保证和专科培训方面进一步强化了其突出作用。如今，96%的胃肠病学主任是DEGUM的成员，89%获得了该学会提供的进一步资质。在培训时长、必考科目数量和监督力度方面，各科室之间仍存在相当大的差异。平均而言，每个科室每年培训的医生更多。大多数医院已设立了为期6个月的全日制培训。超声检查在学生中享有很高的地位，调查结果显示学生对该领域的工作意愿强烈。在过去几年中，实践课程和学生的数量一直在增加。然而，所提供课程的数量与想要报名的学生数量之间往往存在不平衡。
尽管医院之间在质量上仍存在相当大的差异，但医护人员和学生的培训条件已有所改善。所有科室的超声扫描数量都在稳步增加。研究未显示技术设备的可用性有任何充分改善。德国医学超声学会（DEGUM）在超声检查领域进一步巩固了其领先地位。
