Medical Communication and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 23, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
Department of Psychology, University of Bern, Fabrikstrasse 8, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
J Crit Care. 2021 Jun;63:223-230. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2020.09.020. Epub 2020 Sep 25.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation represents a major physical and psychological challenge for all involved health care workers because survival of the patients is closely related to the timely and accurate actions of rescuers. Consequently, rescuers may experience high levels of acute mental stress. Stress, in turn, may influence attentional resources and distractibility, which may affect the quality of resuscitation. This narrative review summarizes the current state of research concerning the influence of stress on resuscitation performance. Peer-reviewed studies retrieved in scientific databases were eligible. We found that rescuers experience high levels of stress and some associations of higher levels of stress with lower resuscitation performance. Finally, few interventional studies assessed whether interventions aiming at reducing levels of stress may have a beneficial effect on resuscitation performance, but results are variable. Although the mechanisms linking stress to performance of emergency teams are still not fully understood, factors such as individual experience and self-confidence of rescuers, gender composition and hierarchy within resuscitation teams may play an important role. This review provides a targeted overview of how stress can be defined and measured, how it may influence emergency situations such as a cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and which interventions have the potential to reduce overwhelming stress.
心肺复苏术对所有参与的医护人员来说都是一项重大的身心挑战，因为患者的生存与抢救者及时、准确的行动密切相关。因此，抢救者可能会经历高度的急性精神压力。反过来，压力会影响注意力资源和注意力分散，这可能会影响复苏的质量。本叙述性综述总结了目前关于压力对复苏表现影响的研究状况。从科学数据库中检索到的同行评审研究符合条件。我们发现抢救者经历了高度的压力，并且一些压力水平较高与复苏表现较低有关。最后，很少有干预性研究评估旨在降低压力水平的干预措施是否可能对复苏表现产生有益影响，但结果各不相同。尽管将压力与应急小组的表现联系起来的机制尚不完全清楚，但抢救者的个人经验和自信、性别构成以及复苏小组内部的等级制度等因素可能起着重要作用。本综述提供了一个有针对性的概述，介绍了如何定义和衡量压力，它如何影响心肺复苏等紧急情况，以及哪些干预措施有可能减轻过度的压力。
