Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, FI-15140 Lahti, Finland.
Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland.
Sci Adv. 2020 Oct 14;6(42). doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aba2578. Print 2020 Oct.
As the incidence of immune-mediated diseases has increased rapidly in developed societies, there is an unmet need for novel prophylactic practices to fight against these maladies. This study is the first human intervention trial in which urban environmental biodiversity was manipulated to examine its effects on the commensal microbiome and immunoregulation in children. We analyzed changes in the skin and gut microbiota and blood immune markers of children during a 28-day biodiversity intervention. Children in standard urban and nature-oriented daycare centers were analyzed for comparison. The intervention diversified both the environmental and skin Gammaproteobacterial communities, which, in turn, were associated with increases in plasma TGF-β1 levels and the proportion of regulatory T cells. The plasma IL-10:IL-17A ratio increased among intervention children during the trial. Our findings suggest that biodiversity intervention enhances immunoregulatory pathways and provide an incentive for future prophylactic approaches to reduce the risk of immune-mediated diseases in urban societies.
随着免疫介导性疾病在发达社会中的发病率迅速上升，人们迫切需要新的预防措施来对抗这些疾病。本研究是首次进行人类干预试验，旨在操纵城市环境生物多样性，以研究其对儿童共生微生物组和免疫调节的影响。我们分析了 28 天生物多样性干预期间儿童的皮肤和肠道微生物群以及血液免疫标志物的变化。对标准城市和以自然为导向的日托中心的儿童进行了分析比较。干预措施使环境和皮肤γ变形菌群落多样化，进而与血浆 TGF-β1 水平和调节性 T 细胞比例的增加相关。在试验过程中，干预组儿童的血浆 IL-10:IL-17A 比值增加。我们的研究结果表明，生物多样性干预增强了免疫调节途径，并为未来预防措施提供了动力，以降低城市社会中免疫介导性疾病的风险。
