埃塞俄比亚南部公共卫生机构护士遭受工作场所暴力的患病率及相关因素
Prevalence of Workplace Violence and Associated Factors Against Nurses Working in Public Health Facilities in Southern Ethiopia.
作者信息
Weldehawaryat Haymanot Nigussie, Weldehawariat Feleke Gebremeskel, Negash Firdawek Getahun
机构信息
School of Public Health, Unit of Epidemiology, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
Arba Minch University, School of Public Health, Unit of Reproductive Health, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020 Oct 2;13:1869-1877. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S264178. eCollection 2020.
BACKGROUND
Workplace violence is an important challenge faced by healthcare providers, especially nurses, throughout the world. But this issue is neglected in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of workplace violence and associated factors against nurses working in public health facilities.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted in public health facilities in Gamo Gofa zone from February to March 2018. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 354 study respondents from selected public health facilities. The data was collected using a self-administered, pre-tested, and structured questionnaire and analyzed by using SPSS version 21. Descriptive analysis was made and both bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression were applied to identify the factors associated with workplace violence against nurses.
RESULTS
Out of the 348 participants, 150 (43.1%) nurses had experienced workplace violence. Among these, 47 (13.5%) had faced physical violence, 98 (28.2%) had verbal abuse, 36 (10.3%) were bullied/mobbed, and 25 (7.2%) faced sexual harassment at least once in the last 12 months. Patients' relatives were the leading perpetrators in physical, verbal violence, and bullying, accounting 55.3%, 46.9%, and 36.1%, respectively. Female nurses (AOR=1.98; 95% CI=(1.21, 3.25), those who live without a spouse (AOR=1.98; 95% CI=(1.22, 3.22), those who drink alcohol (AOR=1.88; 95% CI=(1.03, 3.44), and those who chew chat (AOR=3.24; 95% CI=(1.25, 8.45) were more likely to suffer from workplace violence in public health facilities.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of workplace violence against nurses was high. In addition, the characteristics of the occurrences of different types of violence are different beginning from the perpetrators' characteristics to the measures taken by the nurses. In addition, sex, marital status, drinking alcohol, and chewing chat were found statistically significant factors influencing workplace violence against nurses.
背景
工作场所暴力是全球医疗服务提供者尤其是护士面临的一项重大挑战。但在包括埃塞俄比亚在内的发展中国家，这个问题被忽视了。因此，本研究的目的是评估公共卫生机构中护士遭受工作场所暴力的患病率及相关因素。
方法
2018年2月至3月在加莫戈法地区的公共卫生机构进行了一项横断面研究。采用简单随机抽样技术从选定的公共卫生机构中选取354名研究对象。通过自填式、经过预测试的结构化问卷收集数据，并使用SPSS 21版进行分析。进行描述性分析，并应用双变量和多变量逻辑回归来确定与护士工作场所暴力相关的因素。
结果
在348名参与者中，150名（43.1%）护士曾经历过工作场所暴力。其中，47名（13.5%）曾遭受身体暴力，98名（28.2%）曾遭受言语辱骂，36名（10.3%）曾被欺负/围攻，25名（7.2%）在过去12个月中至少经历过一次性骚扰。患者亲属是身体暴力、言语暴力和欺负行为的主要肇事者，分别占55.3%、46.9%和36.1%。女性护士（调整后比值比[AOR]=1.98；95%置信区间[CI]=(1.21, 3.25)）、未婚者（AOR=1.98；95% CI=(1.22, 3.22)）、饮酒者（AOR=1.88；95% CI=(1.03, 3.44)）以及咀嚼恰特草者（AOR=3.24；95% CI=(1.25, 8.45)）在公共卫生机构中更易遭受工作场所暴力。
结论
护士遭受工作场所暴力的患病率较高。此外，不同类型暴力事件的特征各异，从肇事者特征到护士采取的应对措施均有所不同。此外，性别、婚姻状况、饮酒和咀嚼恰特草被发现是影响护士工作场所暴力的具有统计学意义的因素。
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