Amat Samat, Lantz Hannah, Munyaka Peris M, Willing Benjamin P
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
Department of Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA.
Microorganisms. 2020 Oct 14;8(10):1584. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8101584.
A diverse and dynamic microbial community (known as microbiota) resides within the pig gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The microbiota contributes to host health and performance by mediating nutrient metabolism, stimulating the immune system, and providing colonization resistance against pathogens. Manipulation of gut microbiota to enhance growth performance and disease resilience in pigs has recently become an active area of research in an era defined by increasing scrutiny of antimicrobial use in swine production. In order to develop microbiota-targeted strategies, or to identify potential next-generation probiotic strains originating from the endogenous members of GIT microbiota in pigs, it is necessary to understand the role of key commensal members in host health. Many, though not all, correlative studies have associated members of the genus with positive outcomes in pig production, including growth performance and immune response; therefore, a comprehensive review of the genus in the context of pig production is needed. In the present review, we summarize the current state of knowledge about the genus in the intestinal microbial community of pigs, including relevant information from other animal species that provide mechanistic insights, and identify gaps in knowledge that must be addressed before development of species as next-generation probiotics can be supported.
一个多样且动态的微生物群落（称为微生物群）存在于猪的胃肠道（GIT）内。微生物群通过介导营养物质代谢、刺激免疫系统以及提供对病原体的定植抗性，对宿主健康和性能发挥作用。在一个对猪生产中抗菌药物使用审查日益严格的时代，操纵肠道微生物群以提高猪的生长性能和疾病恢复力最近已成为一个活跃的研究领域。为了制定以微生物群为靶点的策略，或识别源自猪肠道微生物群内源成员的潜在下一代益生菌菌株，有必要了解关键共生成员在宿主健康中的作用。许多（尽管不是全部）相关性研究已将该属的成员与猪生产中的积极结果联系起来，包括生长性能和免疫反应；因此，需要在猪生产的背景下对该属进行全面综述。在本综述中，我们总结了关于猪肠道微生物群落中该属的当前知识状态，包括来自其他动物物种的提供机制性见解的相关信息，并确定在支持将该属物种开发为下一代益生菌之前必须解决的知识空白。
