Bulgarini Alessandra, Lampis Silvia, Turner Raymond J, Vallini Giovanni
Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, Verona, 37134, Italy.
Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.
Microb Biotechnol. 2021 Jan;14(1):198-212. doi: 10.1111/1751-7915.13666. Epub 2020 Oct 17.
Biogenic metal/metalloid nanoparticles of microbial origin retain a functional biomolecular capping layer that confers structural stability. Little is known about the composition of such capping material. In this study, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) synthesized by five different bacterial strains underwent comparative analysis with newly proposed protocols for quantifying the concentration of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids present in capping layers. SeNPs were therefore treated with two different detergents to remove portions of the surrounding caps in order to assess the resulting effects. Capping material quantification was carried out along with the measure of parameters such as hydrodynamic diameter, polydispersity and surface charge. SeNPs from the five strains showed differences in their distinct biomolecule ratios. On the other hand, structural changes in the nanoparticles induced by detergents did not correlate with the amounts of capping matrix removed. Thus, the present investigation suggests a hypothesis to describe capping layer composition of the bacterial SeNPs: some biomolecules are bound more strongly than others to the core metalloid matrix, so that the diverse capping layer components differentially contribute to the overall structural characteristics of the nanoparticles. Furthermore, the application of the approach here in combining quantification of cap-associated biomolecules with the measurement of structural integrity-related parameters can give the biogenic nanomaterial field useful information to construct a data bank on biogenically synthesized nanostructures.
微生物来源的生物源金属/类金属纳米颗粒保留了一层功能性生物分子封端层，该封端层赋予了结构稳定性。关于这种封端材料的组成，人们知之甚少。在本研究中，对由五种不同细菌菌株合成的硒纳米颗粒（SeNPs），采用新提出的方案对封端层中存在的碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂质浓度进行了比较分析。因此，用两种不同的去污剂处理SeNPs以去除部分周围的封端，以便评估产生的效果。进行封端材料定量分析的同时，还测量了诸如流体动力学直径、多分散性和表面电荷等参数。来自这五种菌株的SeNPs在其独特的生物分子比例上表现出差异。另一方面，去污剂诱导的纳米颗粒结构变化与去除的封端基质的量不相关。因此，本研究提出了一个假说来描述细菌SeNPs的封端层组成：一些生物分子与核心类金属基质的结合比其他生物分子更强，因此不同的封端层成分对纳米颗粒的整体结构特征有不同的贡献。此外，本文将与封端相关的生物分子定量分析与结构完整性相关参数测量相结合的方法应用，可为生物源纳米材料领域提供有用信息，以构建生物合成纳米结构的数据库。
