State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Costal Research, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China.
State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Costal Research, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China.
Environ Pollut. 2021 Jan 1;268(Pt A):115648. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115648. Epub 2020 Oct 4.
In recent decades, microplastic (MP) pollution has become a severe problem in aquatic environments. Yet the behavioral and selective responses of fish toward different types of MPs remain unclear. We therefore conducted laboratory-based video observations to investigate the behavioral responses of hybrid grouper juveniles (tiger grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × giant grouper E. lanceolatus♂) to eight different types of MPs. We observed four distinct feeding behaviors: (i) normal ingestion of MPs, which rarely occurred (0%-6%); (ii) pursuit, capture, and tasting of MPs, after which MPs were quickly spat out; (iii) detection and rejection of MPs without attack; and (iv) no significant response to MPs. Our results indicate that juveniles can distinguish MPs as inedible particle and behave differently between MPs with different sizes, colors, and materials, primarily using visual and gustatory senses. Notably, 50%-90% of MP rejection events occurred before capture. Juveniles spent double the time evaluating large nylon particles than they did evaluating large polyvinyl chloride particles before capture, but half the time tasting after capture. Although we observed no sub-lethal or lethal effects of MPs, we conclude that the presence of MPs can still have an impact on groupers in aquaculture. For instance, in the densely stocked conditions of an aquaculture unit, the fish could lose visibility and can inadvertently ingest MPs, thus suffering from their toxic impacts.
在最近几十年中，微塑料 (MP) 污染已成为水生环境中的一个严重问题。然而，鱼类对不同类型的 MPs 的行为和选择性反应仍不清楚。因此，我们进行了基于实验室的视频观察，以研究杂交石斑鱼幼鱼（老虎斑 Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×巨石斑鱼 E. lanceolatus♂）对八种不同类型的 MPs 的行为反应。我们观察到了四种不同的摄食行为：（i）很少发生的正常摄入 MPs（0%-6%）；（ii）追逐、捕捉和品尝 MPs，之后迅速吐出；（iii）检测和拒绝无攻击的 MPs；（iv）对 MPs 无明显反应。我们的结果表明，幼鱼可以将 MPs 识别为不可食用的颗粒，并根据 MPs 的大小、颜色和材料表现出不同的行为，主要使用视觉和味觉感知。值得注意的是，50%-90%的 MPs 拒绝事件发生在捕捉之前。在捕捉之前，幼鱼评估大尼龙颗粒所需的时间是评估大聚氯乙烯颗粒的两倍，但在捕捉后品尝的时间是评估大聚氯乙烯颗粒的一半。尽管我们没有观察到 MPs 的亚致死或致死影响，但我们得出结论， MPs 的存在仍然会对水产养殖中的石斑鱼产生影响。例如，在水产养殖单元的高密度饲养条件下，鱼类可能会失去能见度，并无意中摄入 MPs，从而遭受其毒性影响。
