subsp. KLDS 1.0207 Exerts Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Effects and Improves Blood Biochemical Parameters Against Notable Foodborne Pathogens.

Globally, foodborne diseases (FBDs) result in millions of sicknesses and deaths annually. Cumulative evidence suggests that the use of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains could be a viable alternative in inhibiting the activities of foodborne pathogens. This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and tolerance levels of KLDS 1.0207 against two notable foodborne pathogens - ATCC25922 and ATCC25923. Afterward, a 48 BALB/c mice-trial was used to assess its ameliorative effects on weight and serum biochemical parameters. Results showed that the cell-free supernatant (CFS) of this strain significantly inhibited both pathogens, but these effects were abolished at pH 6.5 and 7.0 ( < 0.05). Also, 6.96 ± 0.02 log CFU mL of KLDS 1.0207 was still viable after three hours in simulated gastric juice and at pH 3.0, indicating that this strain was a potential probiotic candidate. Also, inflammatory activities in RAW264.7 cells were significantly inhibited using 10 CFU mL of KLDS 1.0207 cells ( < 0.05). Significant weight losses were also prevented in the T (from 19.42 ± 1.04 to 19.55 ± 0.55 g) and T (from 22.86 ± 0.90 to 14.77 ± 9.86 g) groups compared to their respective model groups (T - from 21.65 ± 1.80 to 20.14 ± 1.84, and T - from 21.45 ± 0.82 to 14.45 ± 9.70 g). Besides, there was a slight weight gain in the prevention group (T ) compared to the model group (T ). Serum biochemical analyses revealed that the total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and some mineral levels were markedly increased by and administrations but were reversed to normalcy in both prevention groups (T and T ). Interestingly, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, which were initially disrupted in the model groups, were restored in the prevention groups (T and T ). This study presents KLDS 1.0207 as a promising probiotic candidate with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, acid, and bile tolerant and lipid-regulating applications. It also gives valuable insights for targeted future treatment and prevention studies involving other probiotic LAB candidates. Future studies elucidating specific mechanisms behind the antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and ameliorative effects are warranted.