CIAFEL Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto.
Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real.
Int J Sports Med. 2021 Mar;42(3):199-214. doi: 10.1055/a-1263-0898. Epub 2020 Oct 19.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors with high prevalence among adult populations and elevated costs for public health systems worldwide. Despite the lack of consensus regarding the syndrome definition and diagnosis criteria, it is characterized by the coexistence of risk factors such as abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, a prothrombotic and pro-inflammatory state, insulin resistance (IR), and higher glucose levels, factors indubitably linked to an increased risk of developing chronic conditions, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The syndrome has a complex and multifaceted origin not fully understood; however, it has been strongly suggested that sedentarism and unbalanced dietary patterns might play a fundamental role in its development. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview from the syndrome epidemiology, costs, and main etiological traits from its relationship with unhealthy diet patterns and sedentary lifestyles.
代谢综合征（Metabolic syndrome，MetS）是一组与心血管代谢风险因素相关的病症，在成年人群中具有较高的患病率，并给全球公共卫生系统带来了高昂的成本。尽管对于该综合征的定义和诊断标准尚未达成共识，但它的特征是存在多种风险因素的共同存在，如腹部肥胖、致动脉粥样硬化性血脂异常、血压升高、血栓形成和炎症状态、胰岛素抵抗（IR）以及更高的血糖水平，这些因素无疑与患慢性疾病（如 2 型糖尿病（T2D）和心血管疾病（CVD））的风险增加有关。该综合征的起源复杂且多方面，尚未完全理解；然而，有强烈的证据表明，久坐不动的生活方式和不平衡的饮食模式可能在其发展中起着至关重要的作用。本综述的目的是从该综合征的流行病学、成本以及其与不健康的饮食模式和久坐不动的生活方式的关系方面提供一个概述，包括其主要的病因特征。
