庇护政策减少了驱逐出境的人数，而没有增加犯罪率。
Sanctuary policies reduce deportations without increasing crime.
机构信息
Bill Lane Center for the American West, Stanford Department of Political Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305;
Immigration Policy Lab, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Nov 3;117(44):27262-27267. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2014673117. Epub 2020 Oct 19.
The US government maintains that local sanctuary policies prevent deportations of violent criminals and increase crime. This report tests those claims by combining Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) deportation data and Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) crime data with data on the implementation dates of sanctuary policies between 2010 and 2015. Sanctuary policies reduced deportations of people who were fingerprinted by states or counties by about one-third. Those policies also changed the composition of deportations, reducing deportations of people with no criminal convictions by half-without affecting deportations of people with violent convictions. Sanctuary policies also had no detectable effect on crime rates. These findings suggest that sanctuary policies, although effective at reducing deportations, do not threaten public safety.
美国政府坚称，地方庇护政策阻碍了暴力犯罪分子的驱逐出境，并导致犯罪率上升。本报告通过将 2010 年至 2015 年间庇护政策的实施日期与移民和海关执法局（ICE）的驱逐出境数据以及联邦调查局（FBI）的犯罪数据相结合，对这些说法进行了检验。庇护政策使各州或各县指纹记录在案的人的驱逐出境人数减少了约三分之一。这些政策还改变了驱逐出境的构成，将没有犯罪记录的人的驱逐出境人数减少了一半，而对有暴力犯罪记录的人的驱逐出境人数没有影响。庇护政策对犯罪率也没有明显影响。这些发现表明，庇护政策虽然能有效减少驱逐出境人数，但不会威胁到公共安全。
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