School of Nursing, Clinical Nursing Research Center, and Strong Memorial Hospital, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York (Dr Carey); and Neonatal Nurse Practitioner at St. Joseph's Health, Syracuse, New York (Dr McMullen).
J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 2020 Oct/Dec;34(4):352-356. doi: 10.1097/JPN.0000000000000524.
The Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology (SNAP) is a physiological-based illness severity tool developed in 1993, and since that time, it has been revised to include SNAP-II Perinatal Extension (SNAPPE-II) for mortality risk assessment and SNAP-II to assess severity of illness. The purpose of this methodologically based article is to provide an overview of SNAP methodology and then to critically evaluate the feasibility and utility of SNAP-II in neonatal nursing research. The SNAP-II scoring measure is parsimonious and has been utilized in a variety of retrospective and prospective medical research with good results; yet, it is not often employed in nursing studies. For research purposes, the required data are readily obtainable from medical records, calculations can be performed via computer to reduce errors, and the resultant score is parsimonious and reproducible. SNAP-II has some limitations, however, and additional research is needed to further refine the scoring system. This methodological article outlines the strengths and limitations of SNAP-II and recommends the use of a severity score to better describe research samples for clinical benchmarking and comparative research. There is extensive interest in validating acuity scores for appropriate patient assignments. Rather than having established ratios, often established by law, nurses are interested in measuring patient acuity and appropriately assigning ratios based on patient needs.
新生儿急性生理学评分（SNAP）是一种基于生理学的疾病严重程度工具，于 1993 年开发，此后进行了修订，包括用于评估死亡率的 SNAP-II 围产期扩展（SNAPPE-II）和用于评估疾病严重程度的 SNAP-II。本文旨在提供 SNAP 方法学概述，然后批判性地评估 SNAP-II 在新生儿护理研究中的可行性和实用性。SNAP-II 评分方法简洁，并已在各种回顾性和前瞻性医学研究中得到很好的应用；然而，它在护理研究中并不常用。对于研究目的，所需的数据可以从病历中轻松获得，可以通过计算机进行计算以减少错误，并且所得分数简洁且可重复。然而，SNAP-II 有一些局限性，需要进一步研究来进一步完善评分系统。本文方法学文章概述了 SNAP-II 的优缺点，并建议使用严重程度评分来更好地描述临床基准测试和比较研究的研究样本。人们对验证适宜性评分以进行适当的患者分配非常感兴趣。护士们有兴趣测量患者的严重程度，并根据患者的需求，基于患者的需要，合理地分配适宜性评分，而不是按照既定的比例（通常由法律规定）来分配。
