Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3 (House C), 24105 Kiel, Germany.
Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3 (House C), 24105 Kiel, Germany.
Sensors (Basel). 2020 Oct 17;20(20):5891. doi: 10.3390/s20205891.
The use of virtual reality trainers for teaching minimally invasive surgical techniques has been established for a long time in conventional laparoscopy as well as robotic surgery. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of reproducible disruptive factors on the surgeon's work. In a cross-sectional investigation, surgeons were tested with regard to the impact of different disruptive factors when doing exercises on a robotic-surgery simulator (Mimic Flex VR). Additionally, we collected data about the participants' professional experience, gender, age, expertise in playing an instrument, and expertise in playing video games. The data were collected during DRUS 2019 (Symposium of the German Society for Robot-assisted Urology). Forty-two surgeons attending DRUS 2019 were asked to participate in a virtual robotic stress training unit. The surgeons worked in various specialties (visceral surgery, gynecology, and urology) and had different levels of expertise. The time taken to complete the exercise (TTCE), the final score (FSC), and blood loss (BL) were measured. In the basic exercise with an interactive disruption, TTCE was significantly longer ( < 0.01) and FSC significantly lower ( < 0.05). No significant difference in TTCE, FSC, or BL was noted in the advanced exercise with acoustic disruption. Performance during disruption was not dependent on the level of surgical experience, gender, age, expertise in playing an instrument, or playing video games. A positive correlation was registered between self-estimation and surgical experience. Interactive disruptions have a greater impact on the performance of a surgeon than acoustic ones. Disruption affects the performance of experienced as well as inexperienced surgeons. Disruption in daily surgery should be evaluated and minimized in the interest of the patient's safety.
虚拟现实训练器在传统腹腔镜手术和机器人手术中用于微创外科技术教学已经有很长时间了。本研究的目的是评估可重复的干扰因素对外科医生工作的影响。在一项横断面研究中，我们使用机器人手术模拟器（Mimic Flex VR）对外科医生进行了不同干扰因素的影响测试。此外，我们还收集了参与者的专业经验、性别、年龄、乐器演奏经验和视频游戏经验的数据。这些数据是在 2019 年 DRUS（德国机器人辅助泌尿科协会研讨会）期间收集的。我们邀请了 42 名参加 2019 年 DRUS 的外科医生参加虚拟机器人应激训练单元。这些外科医生来自不同的专业领域（内脏外科、妇科和泌尿科），具有不同的专业水平。测量了完成练习所需的时间（TTCE）、最终分数（FSC）和失血量（BL）。在具有交互干扰的基础练习中，TTCE 明显更长（<0.01），FSC 明显更低（<0.05）。在具有声学干扰的高级练习中，TTCE、FSC 或 BL 没有显著差异。在干扰期间的表现与手术经验水平、性别、年龄、乐器演奏经验或玩视频游戏无关。自我评估与手术经验之间存在正相关关系。交互干扰对外科医生的表现影响大于声学干扰。干扰会影响经验丰富和经验不足的外科医生的表现。在日常手术中，应评估和尽量减少干扰，以确保患者的安全。
