Department of Radiology, Aga Khan University, Pakistan.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Pakistan.
Neuroradiol J. 2021 Feb;34(1):33-41. doi: 10.1177/1971400920965970. Epub 2020 Oct 20.
Glioblastoma is an aggressive primary central nervous system tumour that usually has a poor prognosis. Generally, the typical imaging features are easily recognisable, but the behaviour of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) can often be unusual. Several variations and heterogeneity in GBM appearance have been known to occur. In this pictorial essay, we present cases of pathologically confirmed GBM that illustrate unusual locations and atypical features on neuroimaging, and review the relevant literature. Even innocuous-looking foci, cystic lesions, meningeal-based pathology, intraventricular and infra-tentorial masses, multifocal/multicentric lesions and spinal cord abnormalities may represent GBM. We aim to highlight the atypical characteristics of glioblastoma, clarify their importance and list the potential mimickers. Although a definitive diagnosis in these rare cases of GBM warrants histopathological confirmation, an overview of the many imaging aspects may help make an early diagnosis.
胶质母细胞瘤是一种侵袭性的原发性中枢神经系统肿瘤，通常预后不良。一般来说，其典型的影像学特征易于识别，但胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）的表现通常不典型。GBM 在外观上存在多种变化和异质性。在本影像学专题论文中，我们展示了经病理证实的 GBM 病例，这些病例说明了神经影像学上不常见的位置和非典型特征，并回顾了相关文献。即使看似良性的病灶、囊性病变、脑膜为基础的病变、脑室内和小脑幕下肿块、多灶/多中心病变和脊髓异常也可能代表 GBM。我们旨在强调胶质母细胞瘤的非典型特征，阐明其重要性，并列出潜在的类似疾病。虽然这些罕见的 GBM 病例的明确诊断需要组织病理学证实，但对许多影像学方面的全面了解可能有助于早期诊断。
