Bito L Z, Kaufman P L, DeRousseau C J, Koretz J
Department of Ophthalmology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, NY.
Eye (Lond). 1987;1 ( Pt 2):222-30. doi: 10.1038/eye.1987.41.
During the last hundred years, observations on normal and a few aniridic human eyes, together with population studies on the age-dependent decline in accommodative amplitude, resulted in the formulation of theories of human accommodation, and led to the concept that presbyopia is an inevitable consequence of ageing. However, such studies failed to substantiate these theories and concepts or to reveal the fundamental mechanisms of accommodation and its age-dependent loss. Detailed understanding of these mechanisms and the environmental, dietary, and behavioural factors that may influence the development of presbyopia will require controlled studies and, in some cases, invasive experimental manipulations that can only be achieved through the use of an animal model. This paper reviews some of the evidence indicating that the rhesus monkey is a highly suitable primary animal model for such studies, as well as for studies on other aspects of ocular ageing, and reviews some of the techniques and experimental approaches that have already been adapted or developed for such studies.
在过去的一百年里，对正常人和少数无虹膜症患者眼睛的观察，以及关于调节幅度随年龄下降的人群研究，促成了人类调节理论的形成，并引出了老花眼是衰老不可避免的结果这一概念。然而，这些研究未能证实这些理论和概念，也未能揭示调节及其随年龄丧失的基本机制。要详细了解这些机制以及可能影响老花眼发展的环境、饮食和行为因素，需要进行对照研究，在某些情况下，还需要进行侵入性实验操作，而这只能通过使用动物模型来实现。本文回顾了一些证据，这些证据表明恒河猴是进行此类研究以及眼部衰老其他方面研究的高度合适的主要动物模型，并回顾了一些已经为此类研究而改编或开发的技术和实验方法。
