Bito L Z, DeRousseau C J, Kaufman P L, Bito J W
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1982 Jul;23(1):23-31.
The refractive power and axial dimensions of the eye were measured under resting and fully accommodated conditions in 123 caged rhesus monkeys ranging in age from 0.5 to greater than 30 years. The mean resting refraction measured under ketamine anesthesia was -5 diopters. Accommodative amplitude, calculated as the difference between resting refraction and the most negative refraction measured 0.5 to 1 hr after topical application of a maximally effective dose of a cholinomimetic, showed an age-dependent decline. The mean accommodative amplitude of 1- to 5-year-old rhesus monkeys was a remarkable 34 D, while animals over 25 years of age averaged 5 D of accommodation. Some greater than 25-year-old animals showed no measurable change in refraction regardless of the dose or the type of cholinomimetic (carbachol, pilocarpine, or echothiophate) used. The resting axial thickness of the lens was found to increase with age throughout adulthood, well past the end of the growth period. A strong correlation was found between pharmacologically induced change in the refractive power of the eye and change in lenticular thickness. These similarities to the human condition suggest that the rhesus monkey represents a highly suitable animal model for the study of accommodation and presbyopia.
在123只年龄从0.5岁到30多岁的笼养恒河猴中，测量了它们在静息状态和完全调节状态下眼睛的屈光力和轴向尺寸。在氯胺酮麻醉下测得的平均静息屈光度为-5屈光度。调节幅度的计算方法是静息屈光度与在局部应用最大有效剂量拟胆碱药后0.5至1小时测得的最负屈光度之间的差值，结果显示调节幅度随年龄下降。1至5岁恒河猴的平均调节幅度高达34 D，而25岁以上的动物平均调节幅度为5 D。一些25岁以上的动物无论使用何种剂量或类型的拟胆碱药（卡巴胆碱、毛果芸香碱或依可碘酯），其屈光度均无明显变化。研究发现，成年期晶状体的静息轴向厚度随年龄增长而增加，远远超过生长发育期结束的时间。研究还发现，眼睛屈光力的药物诱导变化与晶状体厚度变化之间存在强烈的相关性。这些与人类情况的相似之处表明，恒河猴是研究调节和老花眼的高度合适的动物模型。
