Kaufman P L, Bito L Z, DeRousseau C J
Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K (1962). 1982;102 Pt 3:323-6.
Presbyopia, the age-dependent decline in accommodative amplitude, clinically afflicts every individual reaching the age of 40 to 45 years. Various pathophysiologic mechanisms have been proposed, but none is proven, and until now no animal model for their study has existed. Refraction, axial dimensions, and pharmacologically-induced accommodation were determined in caged rhesus monkeys aged 0.5 to 32 years. Accommodative amplitude decline in an age-dependent manner from greater than 40 diopters to 0 diopters. Mean accommodative amplitude in 0.5 to 5-year old animals was 34.4 diopters; in greater than 25-year old animals it was 5 diopters. Considering the relative life expectancy and accommodative amplitude of rhesus and human, the rate of the age-dependent decline in accommodation was remarkably similar in the two species, as were the relationships between resting axial lenticular thickness and age, and between drug-induced accommodative amplitude and change in lenticular thickness. Thus, the rhesus monkey appears to provide the first known animal model for the study of accommodation and presbyopia as they occur in the human.
老视，即调节幅度随年龄增长而下降，临床上困扰着每一个年满40至45岁的人。人们提出了各种病理生理机制，但均未得到证实，而且到目前为止还不存在用于研究这些机制的动物模型。对年龄在0.5至32岁的圈养恒河猴进行了屈光、眼轴尺寸和药物诱导调节的测定。调节幅度以年龄依赖的方式从大于40屈光度下降到0屈光度。0.5至5岁动物的平均调节幅度为34.4屈光度；大于25岁动物的平均调节幅度为5屈光度。考虑到恒河猴和人类的相对预期寿命和调节幅度，两个物种调节幅度随年龄下降的速率非常相似，静息眼轴晶状体厚度与年龄之间的关系以及药物诱导调节幅度与晶状体厚度变化之间的关系也是如此。因此，恒河猴似乎为研究人类发生的调节和老视提供了首个已知的动物模型。
