Immunology Laboratory, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology , Bucharest, Romania.
Pathology Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital , Bucharest, Romania.
J Immunoassay Immunochem. 2020 Nov 1;41(6):928-945. doi: 10.1080/15321819.2020.1833919. Epub 2020 Oct 21.
Herd immunity is a form of indirect protection that is offered to the community when a large proportion of individuals contained in the community are immune to a certain infection. This immunity can be due to vaccination or to the recovery post-disease. Effective herd immunity in SARS-CoV-2 infection has several hurdles upon achievement. Herd immunity cannot be obtained concomitantly in many geographical areas because the areas have different population density and the societal measures to contain the spreading are different. A proportion of 50-66% of the population needs to be immunized naturally or artificially in this SARS-Cov2 pandemic and this percentage is not easily achievable. The duration of herd immunity is another issue while information on the long-term immune response against SARS-CoV2 is yet scarce. Epitope stability, another issue to be solved when achieving herd immunity, is important. Mutation in the viral structure will call upon other sets of neutralizing antibodies and hence for other herd immunity type installment. The societal tactics to achieve the much-needed herd immunity should be developed keeping in mind the welfare of the population. Without being exhaustive, throughout our paper we will elaborate on each of the hurdles encountered in developing herd immunity to SARS-Cov2 infection.
群体免疫是一种间接保护形式，当社区中很大一部分人对某种感染具有免疫力时，社区就会获得这种保护。这种免疫力可以通过接种疫苗或患病后康复来获得。要实现有效的 SARS-CoV-2 感染群体免疫，需要克服几个障碍。由于不同地区的人口密度不同，社会采取的控制传播措施也不同，因此，许多地理区域无法同时获得群体免疫。在这种 SARS-Cov2 大流行中，需要有 50-66%的人口自然或人工免疫，而这一比例不容易实现。群体免疫的持续时间也是一个问题，而关于针对 SARS-CoV2 的长期免疫反应的信息还很缺乏。当实现群体免疫时，另一个需要解决的问题是表位稳定性，这很重要。病毒结构的突变会引起其他中和抗体的反应，从而需要进行其他类型的群体免疫。在制定实现所需群体免疫的策略时，应考虑到人口的福利。虽然没有详尽无遗，但在整篇论文中，我们将详细阐述在为 SARS-CoV-2 感染开发群体免疫过程中遇到的每一个障碍。
