Institute of Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, The 2nd Clinical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
Institute of Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, The 2nd Clinical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China; Department of Disease Prevention and Control, The 1st Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
Clin Nutr. 2021 Apr;40(4):2252-2258. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.10.004. Epub 2020 Oct 8.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: How anthropometric and nutrition status indicators relate to cognitive function in the oldest old adults is an issue that needs to be explored. This study aimed to analyze the association of parameters and nutrition status indicators (waist circumference, BMI, calf circumference, and waist-calf circumference ratio [WCR]) with cognitive functions in centenarians.
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with the full sample of 1002 centenarians from Hainan. The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was used to identify cognitive impairment. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the strength of association between each anthropometric index and the risk of cognitive impairment or severe cognitive impairment identified by MMSE. Locally Weighted Scatterplot Smoothing (LOWESS) curve was used to visualize the linear or non-linear relationship of each pair.
The risk of cognitive impairment identified by MMSE for centenarians was reduced by 12% for every 1 cm thickening of the calf circumference (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.81-0.95) and the increase in each unit of WCR increased cognitive impairment the risk by 1.60 times (OR = 2.60, 95% CI: 1.31-5.13) after adjusting for demographic characteristics (i.e., gender, age, ethnicity, marital status, education level, and type of residence) and lifestyle (i.e., smoking, drinking, and exercise) related variables.
Results suggest that calf circumference is negatively associated with the risk of cognitive impairment identified by MMSE in centenarians. Older adults with lower calf circumference should pay attention to their cognitive function.
人体测量学和营养状况指标与超高龄老年人认知功能的关系尚待探讨。本研究旨在分析参数和营养状况指标（腰围、BMI、小腿围和腰臀比）与百岁老人认知功能的关系。
本研究为横断面观察性研究，对象为来自海南的 1002 名百岁老人的全样本。采用简易精神状态检查（MMSE）评估认知障碍。采用多因素 logistic 回归分析评估每个人体测量指标与 MMSE 确定的认知障碍或严重认知障碍风险之间的关联强度。局部加权散点平滑（LOWESS）曲线用于可视化每对指标之间的线性或非线性关系。
MMSE 确定的认知障碍风险，小腿围每增厚 1cm，风险降低 12%（OR=0.88，95%CI：0.81-0.95），WCR 每增加一个单位，认知障碍风险增加 1.60 倍（OR=2.60，95%CI：1.31-5.13），调整了人口统计学特征（即性别、年龄、种族、婚姻状况、教育水平和居住类型）和生活方式（即吸烟、饮酒和运动）相关变量后。
结果表明，小腿围与 MMSE 确定的认知障碍风险呈负相关。小腿围较低的老年人应注意其认知功能。
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